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The Holiday Dwelling Price Index (HDPI) is a statistical measurement of the set of prices applied by businesspersons to the different clients staying at the holiday dwelling establishments. Therefore, it measures the evolution of the sector prices from a supply perspective.
Tourism
The units of analysis are those holiday dwelling establishments/companies registered as such in the corresponding Tourist Boards of each Autonomous Community.
All establishments and/or companies operating holiday dwellings throughout the country are researched.
This is with the exception of Ceuta and Melilla, where there are no establishments of this type.
The geographical scope includes the entire national territory, except for Ceuta and Melilla, where there are no establishments of this type.
The information is presented on different levels of geographical breakdown: national, Autonomous Community
Since January 2003 (index and annual variation rate)
The base year is 2002 being 100 the value of all monthly indices for that year
Index, Rates, Percentage
Month
Data referred to the period: Mensual A: 2023 MES: 11
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).
This statistical operation is not subject to any European Regulations
The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
Indices are published only on the national level, and in general and broken down by modality and by rate. There are certain Autonomous Communities that can be published by customised request, so long as statistical secrecy is preserved. In order to provide a geographical grouping, there must be at least 3 holiday dwelling establishments/companies with data. For the information to be significant, there must be at least 4 holiday dwelling establishments/companies, 3 of which must offer data.
The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
Monthly
The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
The results of the survey are disseminated via the INE website, and some results are included in publications such as the Statistical Yearbook, INE Figures, etc. Each month, a press release is prepared, and includes the following operations: Holiday Dwellings Occupancy Survey (HDOS), Campsite Occupancy Survey (COS), Rural Tourism Accomodation Occupancy Survey (RTOS), Hostel Occupancy Survey (HOS), Tourist Campsite Price Index (TCPI), Holiday Dwellings Price Index (HDPI) and Rural Tourism Accomodation Price Index (RTAPI).
INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.
The specific link to the Holiday Dwelling Price Index is: https://www.ine.es/dynt3/inebase/en/index.htm?padre=225&dh=1 The indicator used is number of hits on the online database AC1= 3,239 (cumulated data in 2023 at 12-27-2023)
Microdata sets are not disseminated.
Moreover, customised requests are also received, which at times become continuous or are extended. The policy for tending to tailor-made requests consists of analysing whether the conditions of statistical secrecy and significance are observed. After this analysis, a viability report is prepared and sent to the petitioner.
The methodology contains information regarding the questionnaires, estimators, definitions, and samples. The document may be viewed at the following link: https://www.ine.es/en/daco/daco42/ipapt/notaipap_en.pdf
Fields 10.6 to 17.2 of this document may be considered the quality report intended for users for this operation.
Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
The Holiday Dwelling Occupancy Survey, which serves as the basis for the HDPI, periodically performs revision activities of the statistical process, in order to comply with the quality conditions required at both the national and international levels. The main activities are the revision of both the data collected and the survey directory, as well as a microfiltering upon receipt of the data and a subsequent macrofiltering. Improvement in the data collection systems (XML).
As may be observed in the following sections, where quality indicators are gathered in detail, the HDPI presents very high quality, with data for the operation being available within a 30-day period. Total non-response is usually approximately 12% for provisional data, and 6% for final data. Periodical updates of the directory, and improvements to the data collection system are carried out, such as the introduction of the collection via XML files.
Users are very varied: tourism board/consortiums, individuals, establishments, consultancy companies, Autonomous Community governments, municipal councils, universities, associations of accommodation businesspersons. The data they receive is used for analyses, studies, reports and policy design. User needs that are not met are those that do not comply with the conditions of statistical secrecy and significance.
In addition to the information available on the website, users may also request data for time periods other than those published, and for special areas, which are provided by carrying out customised calculations.
The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...
On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click next link)
The information collected enables answering most of the requests received. Those that are not answered provide information that is studied for possible future modifications. 100% of the information requested by the National Statistical Plan is supplied. (R1=100%)
The estimators used are unbiased, and therefore, the bias is null. With regard to non-sampling errors, we try to minimise both coverage errors and total non-response errors.
In order to measure the precision of this statistical operation, coefficients of variation are available for the HDPI.
1). An approximate calculation of the sampling error can be obtained using the Jackknife technique.
2). Analyzing the sampling errors of this survey, it should be taken into account that most of the sample is exhaustive and therefore, the sampling error is zero.
The values of the coefficients of variation are available in the following link:
https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Tabla.htm?t=8317&L=1
In October 2023 A1=0.003
The estimators used are unbiased, and therefore, the bias is null. Among the non-sampling errors, coverage errors are minimised by carrying out periodical crosses between the Autonomous Community directories and the HDOS directory, the basis of the HDPI, for the purpose of finding possible duplicities, establishments that are missing or those that are no longer active. Total non-response is minimised between the provisional data and the final data, due to the re-contact with the units that did not answer, and in addition, an imputation of data is performed for these cases. Among the non-sampling errors, there is information available regarding non-response, with the non-response rate in December 2021 definitive data, being A4 = 5.07
The time that elapses from the reference date of the data to the publication of the provisional figures is 30 days (TP1=30 days), whereas for the final data, it is one year and one month (TP2=13 months). That is, in April 2023, the provisional data for March 2023 is published, as well as the final data for March 2022, and so on and so forth.
Each publication has been disseminated on the date announced in the publication calendar. The calendar may be viewed at the following link: https://www.ine.es/en/daco/daco41/calen_en.htm
The availability of a methodology, a design and a common process for the collection, filtering, editing and elevation for the entire geographical scope, guarantees the comparability of the results among the different Autonomous Communities, provinces, tourist areas and tourist sites. This index does not follow any European Regulations, and therefore, information is not available regarding international comparability.
The Holiday Dwelling Price Index (HDPI) arose in 2003, and has not changed since that time. In December 2023, the series has 286 elements. (CC2=286)
Though the variables gathered in this survey are not collected in any other survey, a coherence is observed between the values obtained and the evolution of the economy.
The data has complete internal coherence, as it is based on the same set of microdata, and is calculated using the same estimation methods for the different breakdowns. The arithmetic and accounting identities are observed in the production of the data sets.
The estimation of the budgetary credit necessary to finance this operation , as foreseen in the 2023 Annual Program, comes to a total of 72.95 thousand Euros in the INE budget
This estimation concerns tor the Price Indexes in Tourist Accommodations (cod. 8359 in PEN) that is formed by four statistical operation, being Holiday Dwellings Price Index one of them
There is a means of collection, using XML files, for the purpose of reducing the response burden, as the information is collected directly from the management systems of the establishments, with it not being necessary for respondents to fill out the questionnaire.
The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).
This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow: routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.
The revision policy is as follows: once the results are published in t+30, more questionnaires from the reference month are received, and therefore, the final version of the results presents greater coverage (increasing from a response rate of 89% in the provisional results to a rate of 98% in the final results). The final data is published the following year, that is, for example, in April 2020, the provisional data for March 2020and the final data for March 2019 are published.
Each month, the provisional data for the previous month is published, as well as the final data for the previous month of the previous year. The quality indicators used are MAR, absolute average revision, and RMAR, relative average revision.
The average annual definitive values in 2017-2018-2019-2020-2021 are:
A6 MAR = 0.9481
A6 RMAR = 0.3483%
The INE compiles a national directory of holiday dwellings, using the records sent by the Tourism Boards of the Autonomous Communities. This directory contains the following information for each establishment: name, address, category, opening period, number of holiday dwellings and capacity thereof.
A stratified sampling is used, by province and category.
Monthly
The information for the preparation of the HDPI is obtained from the Holiday Dwelling Occupancy Survey.
The procedure for supervising the data validation consists of applying a series of validations to the questionnaires. In the event that any inconsistency is detected, the INE contacts the establishment again. When all of the data has been collected, it is revised again in a centralised fashion. In the files received by XML, the validation is performed at the time that the data is sent to the INE; if the validations are not verified by the data, the upload is not carried out in the database. Lastly, a macrofiltering is performed.
Firstly, there is a decentralised microfiltering process to detect and filter errors and inconsistencies in the questionnaires. Next, on a central level, the data is linked to that of the XML files, and the estimators are obtained. Subsequently, a macrofiltering is performed, prior to the tabulation and dissemination of the results.
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