- 1.1Contact organisation
National Statistics Institute of Spain
- 1.5Contact mail address
Avenida de Manoteras 50-52 - 28050 Madrid
- 2.1Metadata last certified
19/08/2024
- 2.2Metadata last posted
26/03/2024
- 2.3Metadata last update
19/08/2024
- 3.1Data description
The Services Sector Price Index (SSPI) is a volume index whose purpose is to measure the evolution of the value added of the services sector activities of the market in the short term. The periodicity of this indicator is monthly.
The results are presented in the form of indices with the aim of measuring variations with respect to the base year 2021
- 3.2Classification system
- Clasificaciones utilizadas
National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE-2009).
- Clasificaciones utilizadas
- 3.3Sector coverage
The scope of reference of the SSPI is the following sections of the CNAE-2009:
- G: Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles.
- H: Transport and storage
- I: Hospitality
- J: Information and communications
- L: Real estate activities
- M: Professional, scientific and technical activities (except M70.1: Activities of head offices, M72: R&D activities, and M75: Veterinary activities)
- N: Administrative and support services activities
- 3.4Statistical concepts and definitions
- 3.5Statistical unit
The Regulation EBS 2152_2019 establishes the Economic Activity Unit as the statistical unit in short-term statistics.
- 3.6Statistical population
The Service Sector Production Index studies the population comprising the companies whose main activity is described in sections G, (Trade), H (Transport and Storage), I (Hospitality), J (Information and Communications), L (Real Estate Activities), M (Professional, Scientific and Technical Activities), except M70.1: Activities of head offices, M72: R&D activities, and M75: Veterinary activities) and N (Administrative and Support Service Activities) of the National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE-09).
- 3.7Reference area
The geographical scope includes all the statistical units situated in the territory of the Spanish state except Ceuta and Melilla, which are only included in the activity of division 47 of the CNAE-09.
- 3.8Time coverage
In general, records begin in January 2021, which is the first mandatory period, according to the EU regulation. However, in series for which it has been possible, the records begin in January 2015.
- 3.9Base period
The base period is the year 2021.
- 4.1Unit of measure
Indices: unadjusted, calendar adjusted, and seasonally adjusted and rates of change (monthly, yearly, and year-to-date average)
- 5.1Reference period
Data referring to the period: Monthly A: 2024 MONTH: 01
The reference period is the calendar year.
- 6.1Legal acts and other agreements
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).
THE REGULATION (EU) 2019/2152 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 27 November 2019 with regard to the European corporate statistics, repealing ten legal acts in the field of business statistics, known as the EBS Regulation (European Business Statistics Regulation, EBS-R)
ENFORCING REGULATION (EU) 2020/1197 OF THE COMMISION of 30 July 2020, whereby technical specifications are established. Annex I of this regulation includes the technical specifications for this indicator in box 6: Short-term business statistics on production (volume) and in box 7: Short-term Business Statistics on volume of sales. Box 6 shows the requirements of the Services Sector Production Index, together with those of the Industrial Production Index (IPI) and the Construction Production Index, excluding the trade sector, which is included in box 7.
- 6.2Data sharing
The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
The exchange of data between the INE and the other statistical services of the State (ministerial departments, autonomous bodies and public entities of the State Administration), as well as between these and the statistical services of the Autonomous Communities for the development of the statistics that have been entrusted to them, are regulated in the LFEP. The LFEP also establishes the statistical coordination mechanisms between administrations, as well as the conclusion of collaboration agreements when deemed appropriate.
- 7.1Confidentiality - policy
The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
- 7.2Confidentiality - data treatment
INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.
The INE takes the necessary logical, physical and administrative measures to ensure there is effective protection of confidential data, from data collection to publication. The survey questionnaires include a legal clause that informs users about the protection that covers the data collected.
In the information processing phases, data that provide direct identification are only kept as long as they are strictly necessary to guarantee the quality of the processes. In the publication of the results tables, the details of the information are analysed to prevent confidential data from being deduced from the statistical units. In cases where microdata files are provided to users, they are always anonymised.
- 8.1Release calendar
The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
- 8.2Release calendar access
The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
- 8.3User access
The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
- 9.1Frequency of dissemination
The frequency of dissemination of the data is monthly.
- 10.1News release
The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
The results of the statistical operations are generally disseminated with press releases that can be consulted both in the menu related to the operation and in the Press Releases section
- 10.2Publications
All of the information related to this indicator is published on the INE website. The following publications can be found on the website:
- Press release, which highlights the components that most influence the indicator's evolution in the reference month.
- Tables Annex, containing the tables attached to the press release.
- Methodology, where you can consult the standardised methodological report, the statistical operations inventory sheet and the methodology.
- 10.3On-line database
INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.
INEbase is the system the INE uses to store and publish statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information that the INE produces in electronic format. It is organised by basically following the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration. The basic unit is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities, including preparatory ones, that lead to obtaining statistical results on a particular sector, topic or territory.
Within the INE website (the link will be added when it becomes available), the indices and the different rates of variation in turnover and employment can be found at various levels of disaggregation by sector and by branch of activity. A distinction is made between original series, adjusted for calendar effects and adjusted for seasonal effects and calendar effects.
- 10.4Micro-data access
A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section
Many statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymised files, available free of charge for downloading on the INE website, in the microdata section.
As this is a derived statistic, no microdata are available.
- 10.5Other
.
- 10.6Documentation on methodology
- 10.7Quality documentation
This standardised methodological report contains (in fields 10.6 to 17) the elements of what constitutes a "User-oriented quality report", for this operation.
- 11.1Quality assurance
Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
The quality assurance framework for INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, EUROSTATâs European Statistics Code of Practice. The ESSCoP consists of 16 principles, grouped in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle has a linked series of indicators that allow it to be measured. Various tools provided by Eurostat are used to assess quality: the aforementioned indicators, the Self-Assessment inspired by the DESAP model, Peer Review, the User Satisfaction Surveys, and other assessment procedures.
The Services Sector Production Index is prepared and disseminated in accordance with the European Statistics Code of Practice.
- 11.2Quality assessment
Eurostat subjects the data provided by Spain to exhaustive quality analyses. In the case of the Services Sector Production Index (as with all other operations governed by the EBS Regulation), Eurostat will carry out an annual quality assessment taking into account the criteria set out in the EBS Regulation and agreed by the Business Statistics Directors' Groups (BSDGs).
- 12.1User needs
The statistical operation of the Services Sector Production Indices meets the statistical information needs of different groups of users:
The INE itself, to compile the national accounts. Ministries and other public bodies, which use the results of this statistical operation to carry out economic analyses, predictions, develop synthetic indicators of activity, etc. Researchers and academia, companies and non-profit institutions (business study services, foundations, associations, etc.), trade unions and employers' organisations, the press and specialised media. In addition to foreign users, both institutional and private individuals. Among the former, Eurostat, the Central European Bank and the OECD stand out.
- 12.2User satisfaction
The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...
On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click next link)
The INE conducted general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 and plans to continue conducting them every three years. Their purpose is to know the perception that users have of the INE statistics regarding the quality of the information they use, and to what extent their needs are covered. In addition, other special surveys are conducted to learn about certain aspects: dissemination of information, the quality of certain publications, etc.
On the INE website, in the section of Methods and Proyects/Quality and Code of Best Practices/INE Quality Management,
the surveys conducted to date can be consulted by clicking on the following link - 12.3Completeness
This statistic complies with the reporting requirements of Regulation (EC) No 2152/2019 of the European Parliament and of the Council on business statistics and its implementing act 1197/2020. It appears in the 2023 Annual Programme.
- 13.1Overall accuracy
This operation is a summary statistic, meaning that its accuracy largely depends on the sources of information used in its production, especially of the Services Sector Activity Indicators
In this regard, the sampling design seeks to minimise the sampling errors and the various processes of the operation are directed to eliminating or reducing such errors as much as possible, both in the collection phase (response rate and filtering control) and in the subsequent editing and attribution phases.
The collection procedure, coverage control, error filtering and attribution of the lack of response enable highly reliable statistics to be obtained.
- 13.2Sampling error
This operation is a summary statistic, so the concept of sampling error does not apply to it. However, it is affected indirectly by such errors, due to the fact that the Service Sector Activity Indicators are one of its inputs.
Sampling errors A1=not applicable to this statistical operation.
At the following link:
https://ine.es/dynt3/metadatos/es/RespuestaDatos.html?oe=30183
The standardised methodological report of the Service Sector Activity Indicators is available with the sampling errors of this survey
- 13.3Non-sampling error
This operation is a summary statistic, meaning that its accuracy largely depends on the sources of information used in its production, especially of the Services Sector Activity Indicators
Overcoverage rate A2=not applicable to this statistical operation
Proportion of common units when using sampling and administrative sources A3
Non-response rate per A4 unit=not applicable to this statistical operation.
Non-response rate per item A5=not applicable to this statistical operation.
Item imputation rate A7=not applicable to this statistical operation.
At the following link:
https://ine.es/dynt3/metadatos/es/RespuestaDatos.html?oe=30183
The SSAI standardised methodological report is available with non-sampling errors
- 14.1Timeliness
The results are published around 50 days after the end of the reference month.
Opportunity TP1=50 days
- 14.2Punctuality
Data dissemination is carried out in accordance with the structural statistics availability calendar that the INE prepares and publishes for each year.
- 15.1Comparability - geographical
This is a nationally designed operation and is therefore not designed to provide regional information.
The methodological adaptation to community regulations has made them comparable to the rest of the countries in the European Union, which publish this same information with regard to their respective economies.
- 15.2Comparability - over time
The dissemination of the SSPI begins in January 2024 and the series began in January 2021 (although for some divisions and sections records have been published since January 2015).
The number of comparable elements (CC2), as of December 2023 is:
CC2=36 (with regard to the series from January 2021 to December 2023).
- 15.3Coherence - cross domain
The SSPI can be considered a derivative operation that, for each sector, makes it possible to establish relationships between turnover, prices and production.
- 15.4Coherence - internal
The IPSS is obtained as a Laspeyres index, thus ensuring internal consistency between the different levels of aggregation of the indices, from groups and divisions to sections and general index.
- 16.1Cost and burden
The budgetary appropriations necessary for its financing in 2024 amount to 38.33 thousand euros.
- 17.1Data revision - policy
The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).
This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow: routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.
The INE has a Policy that regulates the basic aspects of the revision of statistical data, guaranteeing the transparency of the processes and the quality of the products. This policy is described in the document approved by the Board of Directors at the meeting held on 13 March 2015. The document is available in the section of Methods and Proyects/Quality and Code of Best Practices/INE Quality Management,".
This general policy establishes the criteria that must be followed for the different types of routine revisions - in the cases of statistics which, by their nature, are reviewed on a regular basis; major revisions, due to metodological changes or to basic sources of reference of the set of statistics; and exceptional revisions (for example, those due to an error in statistics that have already been published).
On each publication date, the data for the last fourteen months are provisional, while those for the preceding months are definitive.
The series adjusted for calendar effects and for seasonal effects and calendar effects are entirely revised every month.
- 17.2Data revision - practice
The first time the index for a given month is published, it is provisional, it does not become definitive until fourteen months later. The SSPI is a derived statistic and the practical review of the data depends on the practical review of the statistics that serve as input: the Service Sector Activity Indicators (5 months) and the price indices used as deflators: Services Price Indices (4 quarters), Industrial Price Indices (3 months), Hotel Price Indices (12 months) and Consumer Price Indices (there are no revisions).
- 18.1Source data
This operation is considered to be a derived statistic as its input is the Services Sector Activity Indicators (SSAIs) and the price indices used as deflators: Services Price Indices (SPIs), Industrial Price Indices (IPRIs), Hotel Price Indices (HPIs) and Consumer Price Indices (CPIs).
- 18.2Frequency of data collection
The data collection frequency depends on the frequency of the statistics that are used as input: Services Sector Activity Indicators (monthly and the price indices used as deflators: Services Price Indices (quarterly), Industrial Price Indices (monthly), Hotel Price Indices (monthly) and Consumer Price Indices (monthly).
- 18.3Data collection
All the operations that serve as input are carried out by the INE through direct collection, in the case of price indices that are used as deflators, and through direct collection via questionnaire and official administrative records in the case of Service Sector Activity Indicators.
- 18.4Data validation
As it is a derived statistic, data validation is linked to data validation from the base statistics it uses.
- 18.5Data compilation
The Services Sector Production Index is a fixed-base Laspeyres index where the elementary indices and aggregate indices are defined as follows:
- Elementary indices:
An elementary aggregate is the component with the lowest level of aggregation for which indices are obtained and whose calculation does not involve weights. The indices of these aggregates are called elementary or simple indices.
In the case of the Service Sector Production Index, Section G, its divisions and groups, and each of the divisions of the sections are considered elementary aggregates: G, H, I, J, L, M and N of the CNAE 2009, which form part of the scope of application of the SSPI.
The elementary indices of the Production Index are obtained as the quotient between the Turnover Index of that activity and the Price Index that has been considered most appropriate to deflate each series.
- Aggregate indices:
The aggregate indices are obtained as a weighted sum of the elementary indices (or intermediate aggregates) that belong to that level of aggregation, using as weights the Value Added generated in that activity or sector in the base year (2021) with respect to the Value Added generated by all the activities or sectors included in that level.
- 18.6Adjustment
In addition to the original series, the SSPI disseminates the corrected indices for seasonal and calendar effects using a model-based method using the most up-to-date version of the J Demetra+ program.
Calendar effect: this is the impact that occurs in the time series of a variable due to the different structure of the months in the different years (both in length and composition), if the rest of the factors that influence that variable are held constant. To obtain a series that compares production over time homogeneously, the series is corrected taking into account the following calendar factors: working days, Easter and leap year.
Once the calendar effects are removed, the seasonal effects are removed. Seasonal fluctuations are movements that occur with similar intensity in each month and are expected to continue to occur.
Seasonally adjusted series, i.e. adjusted for seasonal and calendar effects, provide an estimate of what is "new" in a series (changes in trend, cycle, and irregular component).
The method is based on regression models with intervention variables of the three aforementioned effects.
- 19.1Comment