Difficulty carrying out activities Functional dependence, by sex and social class of the main breadwinner. Population aged 65 years old and over Units: percentages Total No Yes, for personal care Yes, for household chores Yes, for mobility BOTH SEXES Total 100.00 51.37 34.43 38.59 31.44 I: Executives of Public Administrations and of companies with 10 or more employees, and professions associated with university degrees 100.00 65.66 20.80 28.05 21.90 II: Executives of companies with fewer than 10 employees, and professions associated with intermediate degrees. Advanced technicians. Artists and Sportspersons 100.00 64.85 25.81 28.96 21.42 III: Administrative type employees and Administrative and financial support professionals. Personal services and Security workers. Freelance workers. Supervisors of manual workers 100.00 51.57 34.21 37.75 30.30 IVa: Skilled manual workers 100.00 51.32 34.09 39.52 30.69 IVb: Semi-skilled manual workers 100.00 48.64 38.02 37.80 31.92 V: Unskilled workers 100.00 43.90 39.43 45.43 39.56 No data recorded 100.00 43.11 44.59 45.28 41.67 MALES Total 100.00 60.28 25.59 32.87 22.55 I: Executives of Public Administrations and of companies with 10 or more employees, and professions associated with university degrees 100.00 75.03 14.17 19.68 10.68 II: Executives of companies with fewer than 10 employees, and professions associated with intermediate degrees. Advanced technicians. Artists and Sportspersons 100.00 77.70 10.39 18.95 10.67 III: Administrative type employees and Administrative and financial support professionals. Personal services and Security workers. Freelance workers. Supervisors of manual workers 100.00 58.69 26.66 34.41 23.16 IVa: Skilled manual workers 100.00 58.95 26.58 33.95 22.08 IVb: Semi-skilled manual workers 100.00 56.65 28.23 34.29 27.84 V: Unskilled workers 100.00 54.45 30.54 39.68 28.89 No data recorded 100.00 45.86 43.15 40.64 34.42 FEMALES Total 100.00 44.82 40.95 42.81 37.99 I: Executives of Public Administrations and of companies with 10 or more employees, and professions associated with university degrees 100.00 55.55 28.12 37.08 34.00 II: Executives of companies with fewer than 10 employees, and professions associated with intermediate degrees. Advanced technicians. Artists and Sportspersons 100.00 55.38 37.17 36.34 29.35 III: Administrative type employees and Administrative and financial support professionals. Personal services and Security workers. Freelance workers. Supervisors of manual workers 100.00 46.09 40.02 40.32 35.78 IVa: Skilled manual workers 100.00 44.80 40.53 44.31 38.06 IVb: Semi-skilled manual workers 100.00 43.19 44.66 40.19 34.69 V: Unskilled workers 100.00 37.91 44.46 48.70 45.66 No data recorded 100.00 42.24 45.05 46.73 43.96 Notes: 1) The same person may be in more than one category of functional dependence. Personal care activities comprise: Take one's medication, Eat, Dress and undress, Comb one's hair and shave, Cut one's toenails, Wash one's face and body from the waist up, Shower or bathe and Stay alone all night. Household chores include: Use a telephone, Purchase food or clothing, Prepare breakfast, Prepare meals, Cut a slice of bread, Do the washing up, Make the bed, Change the bed sheets, Wash underwear by hand, Use the washing machine, Clean the house, Clean a stain on the floor and Sew a button. Activities of Mobility include: Takes public transport, Manages his/her own money, Walks (with or without a cane), Gets out of bed and goes to bed, Walks an hour straight and Walks up ten steps. The symbol '.' shall be deemed as data which cannot be provided since it may be affected by sampling errors. The symbol '..' shall be deemed as data which is not collected. The symbol '...' shall be deemed as an 'error of division by zero'. Source: Ministry of Health and Consumption and INE