Fields of operation	years	Total
GDPmp	2020(A)	1,121,948
GDPmp	2019(P)	1,244,375
GDPmp	2018	1,203,259
GDPmp	2017	1,161,867
GDPmp	2016	1,113,840
GDPmp	2015	1,077,590
GDPmp	2014	1,032,158
GDPmp	2013	1,020,348
GDPmp	2012 (****)	1,031,099
GDPmp	2012	1,029,279
GDPmp	2011	1,046,327
GDPmp	2010	1,045,620
GDPmp	2009 (***)	1,046,894
GDPmp	2009	1,053,914
GDPmp	2008	1,088,124
GDPmp	2007	1,053,537
GDPmp	2006	984,284
GDPmp	2005	908,792
GDPmp	2004	841,042
GDPmp	2004	782,929
GDPmp	2003	729,206
GDPmp	2002	680,678
GDPmp	2001(**)	680,678
GDPmp	2001	630,263
GDPmp	2000(*)	610,541
GDPmp	1999	565,419
GDPmp	1998	527,975
GDPmp	1997	494,140
GDPmp	1996	464,251
GDPmp	1995	437,787
GDPmp	1994	64,812
GDPmp	1993	60,953
GDPmp	1992	59,105
GDPmp	1991	54,927
GDPmp	1990	50,145
GDPmp	1989	45,044
GDPmp	1988	40,159
GDPmp	1987	36,144
GDPmp	1986	32,324
GDPmp	1985	28,201
GDPmp	1984	25,520
GDPmp	1983	22,532
GDPmp	1982	19,723
GDPmp	1981	17,045
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2020(A)	1.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2019(P)	1.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2018	1.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2017	1.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2016	1.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2015	1.22
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2014	1.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2013	1.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2012 (****)	1.30
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2012	1.30
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2011	1.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2010	1.40
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2009 (***)	1.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2009	1.38
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2008	1.35
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2007	1.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2006	1.20
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2005	1.12
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2004	1.06
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2004	1.05
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2003	0.99
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2002	0.95
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2001(**)	0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2001	0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	2000(*)	0.94
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1999	0.88
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1998	0.89
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1997	0.82
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1996	0.83
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1995	0.81
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1994	0.85
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1993	0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1992	0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1991	0.87
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1990	0.85
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1989	0.75
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1988	0.72
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1987	0.64
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1986	0.61
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1985	0.55
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1984	0.50
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1983	0.48
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1982	0.49
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total	1981	0.43
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2020(A)	0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2019(P)	0.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2018	0.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2017	0.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2016	0.22
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2015	0.23
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2014	0.23
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2013	0.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2012 (****)	0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2012	0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2011	0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2010	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2009 (***)	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2009	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2008	0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2007	0.22
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2006	0.20
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2005	0.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2004	0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2004	0.16
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2003	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2002	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2001(**)	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2001	0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	2000(*)	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1999	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1998	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1997	0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1996	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1995	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1994	0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1993	0.18
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1992	0.18
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1991	0.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1990	0.18
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1989	0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1988	0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1987	0.16
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1986	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1985	0.13
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1984	0.13
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1983	0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1982	0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration	1981	0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2020(A)	0.37
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2019(P)	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2018	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2017	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2016	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2015	0.34
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2014	0.35
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2013	0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2012 (****)	0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2012	0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2011	0.38
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2010	0.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2009 (***)	0.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2009	0.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2008	0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2007	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2006	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2005	0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2004	0.31
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2004	0.32
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2003	0.29
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2002	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2001(**)	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2001	0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	2000(*)	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1999	0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1998	0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1997	0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1996	0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1995	0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1994	0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1993	0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1992	0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1991	0.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1990	0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1989	0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1988	0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1987	0.12
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1986	0.12
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1985	0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1984	0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1983	0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1982	0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education	1981	0.10
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2020(A)	0.79
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2019(P)	0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2018	0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2017	0.67
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2016	0.64
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2015	0.64
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2014	0.66
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2013	0.68
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2012 (****)	0.69
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2012	0.69
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2011	0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2010	0.72
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2009 (***)	0.73
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2009	0.72
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2008	0.74
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2007	0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2006	0.67
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2005	0.61
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2004	0.58
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2004	0.57
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2003	0.54
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2002	0.53
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2001(**)	0.49
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2001	0.50
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	2000(*)	0.51
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1999	0.47
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1998	0.48
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1997	0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1996	0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1995	0.40
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1994	0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1993	0.45
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1992	0.47
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1991	0.49
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1990	0.50
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1989	0.43
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1988	0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1987	0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1986	0.34
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1985	0.31
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1984	0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1983	0.23
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1982	0.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP	1981	0.19