Fields of operation;years;Total
GDPmp;2020(A);1,121,948
GDPmp;2019(P);1,244,375
GDPmp;2018;1,203,259
GDPmp;2017;1,161,867
GDPmp;2016;1,113,840
GDPmp;2015;1,077,590
GDPmp;2014;1,032,158
GDPmp;2013;1,020,348
GDPmp;2012 (****);1,031,099
GDPmp;2012;1,029,279
GDPmp;2011;1,046,327
GDPmp;2010;1,045,620
GDPmp;2009 (***);1,046,894
GDPmp;2009;1,053,914
GDPmp;2008;1,088,124
GDPmp;2007;1,053,537
GDPmp;2006;984,284
GDPmp;2005;908,792
GDPmp;2004;841,042
GDPmp;2004;782,929
GDPmp;2003;729,206
GDPmp;2002;680,678
GDPmp;2001(**);680,678
GDPmp;2001;630,263
GDPmp;2000(*);610,541
GDPmp;1999;565,419
GDPmp;1998;527,975
GDPmp;1997;494,140
GDPmp;1996;464,251
GDPmp;1995;437,787
GDPmp;1994;64,812
GDPmp;1993;60,953
GDPmp;1992;59,105
GDPmp;1991;54,927
GDPmp;1990;50,145
GDPmp;1989;45,044
GDPmp;1988;40,159
GDPmp;1987;36,144
GDPmp;1986;32,324
GDPmp;1985;28,201
GDPmp;1984;25,520
GDPmp;1983;22,532
GDPmp;1982;19,723
GDPmp;1981;17,045
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2020(A);1.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2019(P);1.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2018;1.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2017;1.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2016;1.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2015;1.22
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2014;1.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2013;1.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2012 (****);1.30
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2012;1.30
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2011;1.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2010;1.40
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2009 (***);1.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2009;1.38
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2008;1.35
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2007;1.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2006;1.20
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2005;1.12
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2004;1.06
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2004;1.05
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2003;0.99
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2002;0.95
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2001(**);0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2001;0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;2000(*);0.94
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1999;0.88
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1998;0.89
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1997;0.82
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1996;0.83
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1995;0.81
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1994;0.85
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1993;0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1992;0.91
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1991;0.87
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1990;0.85
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1989;0.75
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1988;0.72
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1987;0.64
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1986;0.61
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1985;0.55
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1984;0.50
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1983;0.48
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1982;0.49
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1981;0.43
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2020(A);0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2019(P);0.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2018;0.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2017;0.21
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2016;0.22
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2015;0.23
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2014;0.23
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2013;0.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2012 (****);0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2012;0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2011;0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2010;0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2009 (***);0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2009;0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2008;0.25
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2007;0.22
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2006;0.20
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2005;0.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2004;0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2004;0.16
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2003;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2002;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2001(**);0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2001;0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;2000(*);0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1999;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1998;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1997;0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1996;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1995;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1994;0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1993;0.18
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1992;0.18
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1991;0.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1990;0.18
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1989;0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1988;0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1987;0.16
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1986;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1985;0.13
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1984;0.13
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1983;0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1982;0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Public Administration;1981;0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2020(A);0.37
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2019(P);0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2018;0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2017;0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2016;0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2015;0.34
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2014;0.35
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2013;0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2012 (****);0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2012;0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2011;0.38
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2010;0.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2009 (***);0.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2009;0.39
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2008;0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2007;0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2006;0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2005;0.33
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2004;0.31
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2004;0.32
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2003;0.29
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2002;0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2001(**);0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2001;0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;2000(*);0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1999;0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1998;0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1997;0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1996;0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1995;0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1994;0.27
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1993;0.28
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1992;0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1991;0.19
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1990;0.17
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1989;0.15
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1988;0.14
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1987;0.12
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1986;0.12
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1985;0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1984;0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1983;0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1982;0.11
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher Education;1981;0.10
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2020(A);0.79
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2019(P);0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2018;0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2017;0.67
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2016;0.64
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2015;0.64
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2014;0.66
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2013;0.68
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2012 (****);0.69
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2012;0.69
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2011;0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2010;0.72
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2009 (***);0.73
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2009;0.72
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2008;0.74
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2007;0.71
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2006;0.67
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2005;0.61
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2004;0.58
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2004;0.57
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2003;0.54
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2002;0.53
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2001(**);0.49
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2001;0.50
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;2000(*);0.51
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1999;0.47
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1998;0.48
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1997;0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1996;0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1995;0.40
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1994;0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1993;0.45
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1992;0.47
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1991;0.49
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1990;0.50
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1989;0.43
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1988;0.41
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1987;0.36
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1986;0.34
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1985;0.31
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1984;0.26
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1983;0.23
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1982;0.24
(R+D Expenditure/GDP)*100: Companies and PNP;1981;0.19