Statistics on Biotechnology Use Results by sector of operation Total sectors. Biotechnology results by main variables and fields of operation. Unidades: specified in variables Total Units P.A. Higher Education PNPI Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology 1.273 1.078 126 59 10 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code 43 35 91 93 60 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units 49 42 89 98 60 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering 34 27 68 90 70 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses 51 49 55 92 30 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms 16 8 54 73 40 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing 30 22 70 85 20 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology 19 14 38 76 10 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other 12 12 11 12 10 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive 575 526 37 3 9 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business 249 173 37 39 . Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production 449 379 52 17 1 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health 54 48 79 95 80 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture 21 20 16 56 10 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products 34 33 22 78 10 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production: 26 24 20 68 30 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment 18 15 21 71 . %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry 16 14 13 75 . Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons) 35.523 10.191 12.545 12.512 275 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers 22.884 5.774 7.135 9.744 231 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants 12.639 4.417 5.410 2.768 44 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women 19.474 5.525 7.462 6.323 164 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers 11.830 3.015 3.974 4.705 136 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants 7.645 2.511 3.488 1.618 28 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE) 24.279,7 7.191,4 9.631,4 7.374,2 82,7 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers 15.072,1 4.276,6 5.063,5 5.675,1 56,9 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants 9.207,5 2.914,7 4.567,9 1.699,1 25,8 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women 13.704,2 3.985,4 5.788,9 3.875,9 54 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers 8.019,5 2.234 2.874,7 2.873,9 36,9 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants 5.684,7 1.751,4 2.914,2 1.002 17,1 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros) 1.540.444 578.171 578.663 378.946 4.664 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses 1.394.144 517.601 535.547 336.445 4.552 1.1) Remuneration to researchers 621.703 213.755 196.017 210.289 1.642 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants 272.048 98.440 127.585 45.267 757 1.3) Other current expenses 500.394 205.406 211.946 80.890 2.153 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses 146.299 60.570 43.117 42.501 111 2.1) Land and buildings 38.481 22.609 4.286 11.587 . 2.2) Equipment and instruments 103.079 36.169 37.163 29.636 111 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software 4.739 1.793 1.668 1.278 . 1) By origin of the funds: National funds 1.367.285 487.615 535.786 339.305 4.579 1.1) Own funds 475.645 330.459 78.574 65.797 815 1.2) From companies 131.856 45.462 53.216 31.579 1.600 1.3) Public Administration funds 687.638 66.189 385.359 234.788 1.302 1.4) From Universities 28.830 25.148 3.221 423 38 1.5) From non profit private institutions 43.316 20.357 15.416 6.719 825 1) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds 173.159 90.556 42.878 39.640 84 2.1) From EU programmes 91.809 20.932 36.730 34.147 . 2.2) Other foreign funds 81.350 69.624 6.148 5.494 84 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros) 197.452 166.022 30.859 569 2 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain 125.047 97.455 27.061 530 1 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad 72.404 68.567 3.799 39 . %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital 48 46 60 58 60 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information 13 13 11 12 10 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources 18 14 41 42 10 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain 16 14 28 31 10 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets 20 17 34 44 30 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels 20 17 34 39 40 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception 18 18 14 15 20 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements 35 35 38 27 10 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost 49 49 47 61 50 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting 20 21 20 12 10 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology 22 15 51 75 . Number of patents requested 1.877 526 756 595 . Notas: . '..'=data not available '.'=numeric piece of data equal to zero not resulting from rounding FTE: Full Time Equivalent (*) Total calculated from the total number of companies with related activities with Biotechnology and the total units from other sectors with activities in R&D in Biotechnology Fuente: National Statistics Institute