Statistics on Biotechnology Use Results by sector of operation Total sectors. Biotechnology results by main variables and fields of operation. Unidades: specified in variables Total Units P.A. Higher Education PNPI Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology 1.328 1.133 123 64 8 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code 40 32 90 89 63 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units 48 41 87 95 25 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering 34 27 74 84 63 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses 51 48 56 92 50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms 16 8 53 72 25 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing 29 21 70 86 25 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology 20 14 45 73 13 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other 13 13 11 13 13 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive 608 564 36 3 5 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business 294 212 37 43 2 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production 427 358 50 18 1 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health 55 50 77 92 75 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture 21 19 19 59 13 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products 31 29 20 86 13 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production: 24 21 20 72 25 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment 17 13 23 73 25 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry 16 13 12 70 25 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons) 35.705 10.706 12.279 12.405 315 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers 23.534 6.227 7.396 9.662 249 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants 12.171 4.479 4.883 2.743 66 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women 19.535 5.795 7.333 6.213 194 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers 12.149 3.269 4.137 4.591 152 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants 7.387 2.527 3.196 1.622 42 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE) 24.830,2 7.716,4 9.470,2 7.544,3 99,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers 15.765,2 4.603,1 5.358,9 5.744,2 59 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants 9.065 3.113,3 4.111,3 1.800,1 40,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women 14.026,5 4.292,9 5.768,1 3.898,4 67,1 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers 8.366,6 2.446,4 3.075,3 2.804,9 40 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants 5.659,9 1.846,5 2.692,8 1.093,5 27,1 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros) 1.579.928 616.053 578.188 380.311 5.376 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses 1.488.894 574.245 551.435 358.168 5.046 1.1) Remuneration to researchers 639.606 221.741 207.123 208.812 1.930 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants 273.257 102.464 114.013 56.002 779 1.3) Other current expenses 576.031 250.041 230.300 93.354 2.337 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses 91.034 41.808 26.752 22.144 330 2.1) Land and buildings 15.476 5.359 4.304 5.813 . 2.2) Equipment and instruments 66.410 29.489 21.427 15.163 330 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software 4.363 2.306 956 1.102 . 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D 4.785 4.654 65 66 . 1) By origin of the funds: National funds 1.383.507 511.960 533.002 333.525 5.020 1.1) Own funds 510.526 382.335 66.621 60.810 761 1.2) From companies 119.013 45.024 42.520 29.798 1.672 1.3) Public Administration funds 702.795 72.387 393.166 236.358 884 1.4) From Universities 2.790 363 2.018 308 100 1.5) From non profit private institutions 48.382 11.851 28.676 6.251 1.603 1) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds 196.421 104.093 45.186 46.786 356 2.1) From EU programmes 101.384 21.825 39.684 39.875 . 2.2) Other foreign funds 95.037 82.269 5.501 6.911 356 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros) 167.608 144.342 20.609 2.618 38 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain 92.199 70.458 19.167 2.536 38 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad 75.409 73.885 1.442 82 . %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital 49 48 56 53 75 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information 12 13 7 9 0 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources 18 15 39 36 25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain 15 12 26 27 38 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets 18 16 31 41 25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels 19 16 34 36 38 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception 15 16 12 14 38 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements 36 36 35 27 50 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost 49 49 50 55 50 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting 18 18 20 14 38 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology 21 16 45 73 . Number of patents requested 1.809 633 690 486 . Notas: . '..'=data not available '.'=numeric piece of data equal to zero not resulting from rounding FTE: Full Time Equivalent (*) Total calculated from the total number of companies with related activities with Biotechnology and the total units from other sectors with activities in R&D in Biotechnology Fuente: National Statistics Institute