Statistics on Biotechnology Use Results by sector of operation Total sectors. Biotechnology results by main variables and fields of operation. Unidades: specified in variables Total Units P.A. Higher Education PNPI Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology 1.332 1.133 120 67 12 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code 41 33 88 87 33 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units 48 41 89 91 50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering 31 24 74 82 50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses 53 50 61 93 42 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms 14 6 56 72 33 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing 31 24 69 85 8 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology 19 13 50 70 8 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other 14 14 8 18 8 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive 647 603 33 5 6 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business 252 173 39 38 2 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production 433 357 48 24 4 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health 51 45 78 91 58 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture 20 18 15 67 8 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products 32 31 20 79 8 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production: 24 22 19 73 25 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment 17 14 22 72 17 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry 15 12 12 67 8 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons) 40.018 11.510 13.944 14.415 149 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers 26.603 6.202 8.687 11.634 80 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants 13.415 5.308 5.257 2.781 69 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women 22.240 6.389 8.590 7.165 96 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers 13.936 3.304 5.040 5.545 47 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants 8.305 3.086 3.550 1.620 49 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE) 27.550,6 8.236,9 10.492,6 8.726,3 94,8 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers 17.572,9 4.596,1 6.124,4 6.798,1 54,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants 9.977,7 3.640,8 4.368,2 1.928,2 40,5 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women 15.792,1 4.698,5 6.519,9 4.509 64,7 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers 9.524,4 2.512,5 3.603,3 3.374,3 34,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants 6.267,7 2.186 2.916,6 1.134,7 30,4 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros) 1.783.011 769.431 596.928 411.163 5.489 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses 1.673.710 719.715 567.086 381.526 5.383 1.1) Remuneration to researchers 677.784 221.447 225.782 228.981 1.573 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants 290.584 122.809 107.902 58.884 989 1.3) Other current expenses 705.342 375.459 233.402 93.661 2.820 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses 109.301 49.715 29.842 29.637 106 2.1) Land and buildings 18.585 9.521 3.511 5.553 0 2.2) Equipment and instruments 78.285 30.466 25.115 22.598 106 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software 4.139 1.810 1.014 1.314 1 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D 8.292 7.919 202 172 0 1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds 639.755 490.913 69.873 78.383 585 1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies 189.495 82.548 77.770 28.349 828 1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds 737.076 96.809 379.076 258.952 2.239 1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities 2.962 197 1.380 1.309 75 1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions 24.088 4.766 11.426 6.679 1.217 1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds 189.635 94.197 57.401 37.492 545 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros) 153.607 120.281 26.850 6.101 375 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain 98.024 69.564 22.379 5.769 312 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad 55.583 50.718 4.470 332 63 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital 47 45 59 58 75 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information 12 12 3 12 25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources 20 16 41 40 33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain 16 14 28 36 25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets 19 16 33 43 33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels 20 18 30 40 25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception 15 15 11 11 33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements 37 37 42 34 42 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost 53 52 61 61 58 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting 20 20 20 19 25 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology 21 15 45 75 8 Number of patents requested 1.785 681 555 548 1 Notas: '..'=data not available '.'=numeric piece of data equal to zero not resulting from rounding FTE: Full Time Equivalent (*) Total calculated from the total number of companies with related activities with Biotechnology and the total units from other sectors with activities in R&D in Biotechnology Fuente: National Statistics Institute