Sector of performance Research Total Total Total 17,249,249 Total Applied research 3,889,410 Total Experimental development 7,949,295 Total Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 5,410,543 Government Total 2,910,025 Government Applied research 1,254,888 Government Experimental development 1,281,617 Government Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 373,520 Higher education Total 4,586,993 Higher education Applied research 2,326,131 Higher education Experimental development 1,749,809 Higher education Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 511,054 Enterprises Total 9,696,149 Enterprises Applied research 289,429 Enterprises Experimental development 4,883,371 Enterprises Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 4,523,349 PNP Total 56,081 PNP Applied research 18,963 PNP Experimental development 34,498 PNP Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 2,620