Sector of performance Research Total Total Total 17,249,250 Total Applied research 3,889,578 Total Experimental development 7,948,828 Total Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 5,410,843 Government Total 2,910,025 Government Applied research 1,254,888 Government Experimental development 1,281,617 Government Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 373,520 Higher education Total 4,586,993 Higher education Applied research 2,326,131 Higher education Experimental development 1,749,809 Higher education Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 511,054 Enterprises Total 9,696,150 Enterprises Applied research 289,597 Enterprises Experimental development 4,882,905 Enterprises Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 4,523,649 PNP Total 56,081 PNP Applied research 18,963 PNP Experimental development 34,498 PNP Until 2016, the expenditure in this table refers to the current expenditure on intramural R&D. As of 2017 the expenditure of this 2,620