Main variables	Fields of operation	Total
Companies that perform R+D in Biotechnology	Total 2021	1.547
Companies that perform R+D in Biotechnology	Companies	1.348
Companies that perform R+D in Biotechnology	P.A.	120
Companies that perform R+D in Biotechnology	Higher Education	66
Companies that perform R+D in Biotechnology	PNPI	13
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Genetic code	Total 2021	38
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Genetic code	Companies	31
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Genetic code	P.A.	87,5
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Genetic code	Higher Education	89,4
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Genetic code	PNPI	46,2
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Functional Companies	Total 2021	44,8
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Functional Companies	Companies	38,4
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Functional Companies	P.A.	88,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Functional Companies	Higher Education	93,9
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Functional Companies	PNPI	53,8
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering	Total 2021	28,8
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering	Companies	21,7
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering	P.A.	73,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering	Higher Education	86,4
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering	PNPI	61,5
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses	Total 2021	53
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses	Companies	50,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses	P.A.	58,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses	Higher Education	93,9
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses	PNPI	69,2
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms	Total 2021	14,8
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms	Companies	8,2
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms	P.A.	53,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms	Higher Education	74,2
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms	PNPI	38,5
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing	Total 2021	30,7
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing	Companies	24,1
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing	P.A.	73,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing	Higher Education	87,9
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing	PNPI	30,8
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology	Total 2021	17,7
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology	Companies	11,8
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology	P.A.	54,2
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology	Higher Education	72,7
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology	PNPI	15,4
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Other	Total 2021	14,9
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Other	Companies	16,4
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Other	P.A.	3,3
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Other	Higher Education	7,6
%Companies according to biotechnology used: Other	PNPI	0
Companies in which biotechnology activities are:  Main and/or exclusive	Total 2021	705
Companies in which biotechnology activities are:  Main and/or exclusive	Companies	661
Companies in which biotechnology activities are:  Main and/or exclusive	P.A.	31
Companies in which biotechnology activities are:  Main and/or exclusive	Higher Education	3
Companies in which biotechnology activities are:  Main and/or exclusive	PNPI	10
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business	Total 2021	276
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business	Companies	188
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business	P.A.	41
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business	Higher Education	46
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business	PNPI	1
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production	Total 2021	567
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production	Companies	500
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production	P.A.	48
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production	Higher Education	17
Companies in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production	PNPI	2
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human Health	Total 2021	50,5
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human Health	Companies	45,8
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human Health	P.A.	76,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human Health	Higher Education	95,5
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human Health	PNPI	69,2
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture	Total 2021	17,8
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture	Companies	15,3
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture	P.A.	17,5
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture	Higher Education	69,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture	PNPI	23,1
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products	Total 2021	32,9
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products	Companies	31,5
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products	P.A.	24,2
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products	Higher Education	81,8
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products	PNPI	7,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production	Total 2021	25,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production	Companies	23,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production	P.A.	22,5
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production	Higher Education	72,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production	PNPI	23,1
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment	Total 2021	19
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment	Companies	15,5
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment	P.A.	25,8
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment	Higher Education	78,8
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment	PNPI	7,7
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry	Total 2021	15,8
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry	Companies	13,4
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry	P.A.	14,2
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry	Higher Education	68,2
%Companies by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry	PNPI	7,7
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons)	Total 2021	47.144
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons)	Companies	15.744
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons)	P.A.	15.418
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons)	Higher Education	15.757
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons)	PNPI	225
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Research personnel	Total 2021	30.818
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Research personnel	Companies	8.380
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Research personnel	P.A.	9.510
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Research personnel	Higher Education	12.778
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Research personnel	PNPI	150
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technical and auxiliary personnel	Total 2021	16.326
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technical and auxiliary personnel	Companies	7.364
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technical and auxiliary personnel	P.A.	5.908
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technical and auxiliary personnel	Higher Education	2.979
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technical and auxiliary personnel	PNPI	75
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women	Total 2021	26.646
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women	Companies	8.725
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women	P.A.	9.684
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women	Higher Education	8.101
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women	PNPI	136
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Research personnel	Total 2021	16.551
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Research personnel	Companies	4.521
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Research personnel	P.A.	5.637
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Research personnel	Higher Education	6.314
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Research personnel	PNPI	79
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Technical and auxiliary personnel	Total 2021	10.095
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Technical and auxiliary personnel	Companies	4.204
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Technical and auxiliary personnel	P.A.	4.047
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Technical and auxiliary personnel	Higher Education	1.787
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons). Women. Technical and auxiliary personnel	PNPI	57
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE)	Total 2021	32.896,3
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE)	Companies	11.523,2
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE)	P.A.	11.271,7
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE)	Higher Education	9.934,5
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE)	PNPI	166,9
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Research personnel	Total 2021	20.944,7
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Research personnel	Companies	6.341,6
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Research personnel	P.A.	6.454,3
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Research personnel	Higher Education	8.036
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Research personnel	PNPI	112,8
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technical and auxiliary personnel	Total 2021	11.951,6
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technical and auxiliary personnel	Companies	5.181,6
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technical and auxiliary personnel	P.A.	4.817,4
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technical and auxiliary personnel	Higher Education	1.898,5
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technical and auxiliary personnel	PNPI	54,1
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women	Total 2021	18.965,5
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women	Companies	6.552,7
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women	P.A.	7.077,3
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women	Higher Education	5.228
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women	PNPI	107,5
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Research personnel	Total 2021	11.346
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Research personnel	Companies	3.464,4
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Research personnel	P.A.	3.786,8
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Research personnel	Higher Education	4.032,9
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Research personnel	PNPI	61,9
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Technical and auxiliary personnel	Total 2021	7.619,5
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Technical and auxiliary personnel	Companies	3.088,3
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Technical and auxiliary personnel	P.A.	3.290,5
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Technical and auxiliary personnel	Higher Education	1.195,1
Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE). Women: Technical and auxiliary personnel	PNPI	45,6
Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros)	Total 2021	2.269.251
Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros)	Companies	1.037.887
Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros)	P.A.	716.877
Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros)	Higher Education	500.703
Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros)	PNPI	13.783
1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses	Total 2021	2.086.468
1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses	Companies	939.471
1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses	P.A.	672.607
1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses	Higher Education	461.216
1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses	PNPI	13.174
1.1) Remuneration to research personnel	Total 2021	872.151
1.1) Remuneration to research personnel	Companies	321.525
1.1) Remuneration to research personnel	P.A.	252.863
1.1) Remuneration to research personnel	Higher Education	293.131
1.1) Remuneration to research personnel	PNPI	4.630
1.2) Remuneration to technicians and auxiliary personnel	Total 2021	384.242
1.2) Remuneration to technicians and auxiliary personnel	Companies	194.656
1.2) Remuneration to technicians and auxiliary personnel	P.A.	128.640
1.2) Remuneration to technicians and auxiliary personnel	Higher Education	59.408
1.2) Remuneration to technicians and auxiliary personnel	PNPI	1.538
1.3) Other current expenses	Total 2021	830.076
1.3) Other current expenses	Companies	423.290
1.3) Other current expenses	P.A.	291.103
1.3) Other current expenses	Higher Education	108.677
1.3) Other current expenses	PNPI	7.006
2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses	Total 2021	182.782
2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses	Companies	98.416
2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses	P.A.	44.270
2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses	Higher Education	39.487
2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses	PNPI	610
2.1) Land and buildings	Total 2021	20.257
2.1) Land and buildings	Companies	10.150
2.1) Land and buildings	P.A.	2.712
2.1) Land and buildings	Higher Education	7.373
2.1) Land and buildings	PNPI	23
2.2) Equipment and instruments	Total 2021	144.096
2.2) Equipment and instruments	Companies	72.538
2.2) Equipment and instruments	P.A.	40.235
2.2) Equipment and instruments	Higher Education	30.775
2.2) Equipment and instruments	PNPI	549
2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software	Total 2021	8.151
2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software	Companies	5.713
2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software	P.A.	1.102
2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software	Higher Education	1.303
2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software	PNPI	33
2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D	Total 2021	10.278
2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D	Companies	10.015
2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D	P.A.	222
2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D	Higher Education	36
2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D	PNPI	5
1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds	Total 2021	891.115
1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds	Companies	711.037
1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds	P.A.	88.338
1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds	Higher Education	88.167
1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds	PNPI	3.574
1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies	Total 2021	247.985
1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies	Companies	121.595
1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies	P.A.	97.993
1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies	Higher Education	25.096
1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies	PNPI	3.301
1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds	Total 2021	882.530
1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds	Companies	107.422
1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds	P.A.	430.689
1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds	Higher Education	342.018
1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds	PNPI	2.402
1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities	Total 2021	3.851
1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities	Companies	192
1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities	P.A.	1.388
1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities	Higher Education	2.220
1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities	PNPI	50
1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions	Total 2021	47.810
1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions	Companies	10.756
1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions	P.A.	26.599
1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions	Higher Education	7.719
1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions	PNPI	2.737
1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds	Total 2021	195.959
1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds	Companies	86.884
1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds	P.A.	71.871
1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds	Higher Education	35.483
1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds	PNPI	1.720
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros)	Total 2021	174.817
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros)	Companies	145.440
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros)	P.A.	23.461
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros)	Higher Education	3.058
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros)	PNPI	2.858
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain	Total 2021	123.416
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain	Companies	95.870
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain	P.A.	21.807
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain	Higher Education	3.035
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain	PNPI	2.704
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad	Total 2021	51.401
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad	Companies	49.570
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad	P.A.	1.654
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad	Higher Education	23
Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad	PNPI	154
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital	Total 2021	42,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital	Companies	39,8
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital	P.A.	63,3
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital	Higher Education	57,6
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital	PNPI	61,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information	Total 2021	11,9
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information	Companies	12,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information	P.A.	6,7
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information	Higher Education	9,1
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information	PNPI	15,4
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources	Total 2021	21,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources	Companies	18,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources	P.A.	45
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources	Higher Education	40,9
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources	PNPI	23,1
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain	Total 2021	13,3
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain	Companies	11,2
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain	P.A.	26,7
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain	Higher Education	33,3
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain	PNPI	7,7
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets	Total 2021	17,8
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets	Companies	15,6
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets	P.A.	30
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets	Higher Education	42,4
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets	PNPI	15,4
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels	Total 2021	18,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels	Companies	16,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels	P.A.	27,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels	Higher Education	39,4
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels	PNPI	30,8
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception	Total 2021	15,6
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception	Companies	16,1
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception	P.A.	10
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception	Higher Education	12,1
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception	PNPI	30,8
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements	Total 2021	40,1
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements	Companies	40
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements	P.A.	40
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements	Higher Education	37,9
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements	PNPI	61,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost	Total 2021	54,4
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost	Companies	53,9
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost	P.A.	58,3
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost	Higher Education	57,6
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost	PNPI	61,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting	Total 2021	21,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting	Companies	21,5
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting	P.A.	24,2
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting	Higher Education	18,2
%Companies that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting	PNPI	23,1