Leading Indicators	Centre type	Total
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Public universities	153,674
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Private universities	21,055
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Other centres of higher education	6,336
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Total	181,065
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Public universities	121,243
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Private universities	18,978
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Other centres of higher education	4,648
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Total	144,869
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Public universities	15,332
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Private universities	1,142
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Other centres of higher education	1,189
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Total	17,663
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Public universities	17,099
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Private universities	935
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	499
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Total	18,533
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Public universities	72,199
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Private universities	10,592
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,153
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Total	85,944
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Public universities	53,772
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Private universities	9,166
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	2,075
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Total	65,013
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Public universities	7,818
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Private universities	721
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Other centres of higher education	763
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Total	9,302
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Public universities	10,609
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Private universities	705
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	315
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Total	11,629
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Public universities	86,553.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Private universities	8,140.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Other centres of higher education	4,264.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Total	98,957.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Public universities	68,141.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Private universities	6,882.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Other centres of higher education	2,950.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Total	77,973.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Public universities	10,517.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Private universities	801.4
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Other centres of higher education	933.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Total	12,252.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Public universities	7,894.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Private universities	456.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	380.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Total	8,731.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Public universities	39,685.9
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Private universities	4,265.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	2,186.1
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Total	46,137.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Public universities	29,357.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Private universities	3,417.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	1,330.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Total	34,105.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Public universities	5,454.4
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Private universities	518.9
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Other centres of higher education	607.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Total	6,580.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Public universities	4,874.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Private universities	329.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	248.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Total	5,452.0
By qualification (HC): Total	Public universities	153,674
By qualification (HC): Total	Private universities	21,055
By qualification (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	6,336
By qualification (HC): Total	Total	181,065
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Public universities	85,495
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Private universities	11,508
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	2,599
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Total	99,602
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	38,438
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	7,860
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	2,519
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	48,817
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	16,596
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	1,032
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	812
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	18,440
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	5,773
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	500
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	238
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	6,511
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	5,704
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	120
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	147
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	5,971
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Public universities	1,668
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Private universities	35
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	21
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Total	1,724
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	72,199
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	10,592
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,153
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Total	85,944
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Public universities	36,652
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Private universities	5,681
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,085
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Total	43,418
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	18,920
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	3,954
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,356
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	24,230
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	8,764
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	567
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	476
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	9,807
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	3,305
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	318
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	151
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	3,774
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	3,464
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	57
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	76
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	3,597
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Public universities	1,094
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Private universities	15
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Other centres of higher education	9
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Total	1,118
By qualification (FTE): Total	Public universities	86,553.0
By qualification (FTE): Total	Private universities	8,140.2
By qualification (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,264.0
By qualification (FTE): Total	Total	98,957.2
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Public universities	48,740.3
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Private universities	4,258.1
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,663.0
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Total	54,661.4
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	21,863.8
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	3,087.4
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,784.9
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	26,736.1
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	9,035.4
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	381.2
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	532.0
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	9,948.6
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	3,676.5
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	352.4
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	188.8
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	4,217.7
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	2,655.0
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	58.4
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	78.9
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	2,792.3
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Public universities	582.0
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Private universities	2.7
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	16.4
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Total	601.1
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Public universities	153,674
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Private universities	21,055
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	6,336
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Total	181,065
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	30,221
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	1,709
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,719
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Total	33,649
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Public universities	33,148
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Private universities	3,552
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	826
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Total	37,526
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Public universities	26,702
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Private universities	4,939
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,272
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Total	32,913
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	4,505
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	340
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	99
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	4,944
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Public universities	38,648
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Private universities	7,892
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,968
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Total	48,508
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	20,450
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	2,623
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	452
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Total	23,525
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	72,199
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	10,592
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,153
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Total	85,944
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	13,360
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	854
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	681
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Total	14,895
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Public universities	10,614
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Private universities	1,167
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	304
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Total	12,085
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Public universities	15,060
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Private universities	2,851
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	902
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Total	18,813
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	2,255
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	208
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	55
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	2,518
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Public universities	20,067
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Private universities	4,168
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	961
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Total	25,196
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	10,843
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	1,344
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	250
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Total	12,437
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Public universities	884
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Private universities	116
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	303
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Total	1,303
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Public universities	805
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Private universities	113
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Other centres of higher education	261
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Total	1,179
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	420
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	38
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	134
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Total	592
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Public universities	368
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Private universities	37
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	122
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Total	527
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Public universities	659.9
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Private universities	44.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	176.3
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Total	880.2
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Public universities	589.4
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Private universities	42.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Other centres of higher education	147.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Total	778.4
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Public universities	321.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Private universities	15.5
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	83.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Total	420.2
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Public universities	274.9
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Private universities	14.5
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	76.5
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Total	365.9