Leading Indicators	Centre type	Total
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Public universities	155,495
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Private universities	24,138
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Other centres of higher education	6,224
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Total	Total	185,857
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Public universities	122,380
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Private universities	21,527
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Other centres of higher education	4,802
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Researchers	Total	148,709
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Public universities	16,311
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Private universities	1,280
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Other centres of higher education	938
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Technicians	Total	18,529
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Public universities	16,804
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Private universities	1,331
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	484
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Other supporting staff	Total	18,619
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Public universities	73,518
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Private universities	12,123
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,104
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Total	Total	88,745
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Public universities	54,654
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Private universities	10,379
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	2,243
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Researchers	Total	67,276
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Public universities	8,305
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Private universities	816
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Other centres of higher education	544
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Technicians	Total	9,665
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Public universities	10,559
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Private universities	928
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	317
Personnel intramural R&D (HC) Women: Other supporting staff	Total	11,804
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Public universities	89,968.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Private universities	9,331.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Other centres of higher education	4,239.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Total	Total	103,539.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Public universities	70,613.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Private universities	7,888.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Other centres of higher education	3,054.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Researchers	Total	81,557.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Public universities	11,641.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Private universities	878.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Other centres of higher education	815.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Technicians	Total	13,334.2
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Public universities	7,713.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Private universities	564.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	370.3
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Other supporting staff	Total	8,648.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Public universities	42,334.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Private universities	4,878.8
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	2,170.1
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Total	Total	49,383.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Public universities	31,498.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Private universities	3,925.1
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	1,442.9
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Researchers	Total	36,866.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Public universities	5,983.9
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Private universities	570.0
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Other centres of higher education	478.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Technicians	Total	7,032.6
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Public universities	4,852.1
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Private universities	383.7
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Other centres of higher education	248.5
Personnel intramural R&D (FTE) Women: Other supporting staff	Total	5,484.3
By qualification (HC): Total	Public universities	155,495
By qualification (HC): Total	Private universities	24,138
By qualification (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	6,224
By qualification (HC): Total	Total	185,857
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Public universities	87,074
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Private universities	12,563
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	2,388
By qualification (HC): University PhD	Total	102,025
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	39,858
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	9,496
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	2,768
By qualification (HC): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	52,122
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	15,890
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	1,333
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	607
By qualification (HC): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	17,830
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	5,113
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	413
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	321
By qualification (HC): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	5,847
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	6,091
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	270
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	116
By qualification (HC): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	6,477
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Public universities	1,469
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Private universities	63
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	24
By qualification (HC): Other studies	Total	1,556
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	73,518
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	12,123
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,104
By qualification (HC): Women: Total	Total	88,745
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Public universities	37,804
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Private universities	6,044
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,026
By qualification (HC): Women: University PhD	Total	44,874
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	19,970
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	4,926
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,531
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	26,427
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	8,477
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	739
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	340
By qualification (HC): Women: Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	9,556
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	2,754
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	266
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	131
By qualification (HC): Women: Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	3,151
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	3,591
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	109
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	68
By qualification (HC): Women: Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	3,768
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Public universities	922
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Private universities	39
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Other centres of higher education	8
By qualification (HC): Women: Other studies	Total	969
By qualification (FTE): Total	Public universities	89,968.5
By qualification (FTE): Total	Private universities	9,331.5
By qualification (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	4,239.8
By qualification (FTE): Total	Total	103,539.8
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Public universities	50,257.3
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Private universities	4,934.9
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Other centres of higher education	1,522.3
By qualification (FTE): University PhD	Total	56,714.5
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Public universities	23,339.7
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Private universities	3,491.8
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	1,932.3
By qualification (FTE): Degree of more than 240 ECTS (*), Bachelor's degree and equivalents	Total	28,763.8
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Public universities	9,491.2
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Private universities	460.1
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	421.7
By qualification (FTE): Degree of 240 ECTS, Diploma and equivalents	Total	10,373.0
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Public universities	3,302.0
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Private universities	305.8
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Other centres of higher education	281.4
By qualification (FTE): Higher Level Training Cycle, FPII and equivalents	Total	3,889.2
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Public universities	3,012.2
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Private universities	126.6
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Other centres of higher education	70.3
By qualification (FTE): Baccalaureate, Intermediate Training Cycle, FPI and similar	Total	3,209.1
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Public universities	566.1
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Private universities	12.3
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Other centres of higher education	11.8
By qualification (FTE): Other studies	Total	590.2
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Public universities	155,495
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Private universities	24,138
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	6,224
By scientific discipline (HC): Total	Total	185,857
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	28,634
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	1,374
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,741
By scientific discipline (HC): Exact and natural sciences	Total	31,749
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Public universities	34,579
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Private universities	3,821
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	1,035
By scientific discipline (HC): Engineering and technology	Total	39,435
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Public universities	27,097
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Private universities	6,228
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,508
By scientific discipline (HC): Medical Sciences	Total	34,833
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	4,847
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	480
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	61
By scientific discipline (HC): Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	5,388
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Public universities	39,695
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Private universities	9,024
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	1,565
By scientific discipline (HC): Social Sciences	Total	50,284
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	20,643
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	3,211
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	314
By scientific discipline (HC): Humanities and the Arts	Total	24,168
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	73,518
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	12,123
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	3,104
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Total	Total	88,745
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Public universities	12,592
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Private universities	754
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Other centres of higher education	740
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Exact and natural sciences	Total	14,086
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Public universities	11,191
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Private universities	1,142
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Other centres of higher education	361
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Engineering and technology	Total	12,694
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Public universities	15,425
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Private universities	3,598
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Other centres of higher education	987
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Medical Sciences	Total	20,010
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Public universities	2,473
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Private universities	258
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Other centres of higher education	33
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Agricultural and veterinary sciences	Total	2,764
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Public universities	20,678
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Private universities	4,682
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Other centres of higher education	810
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Social Sciences	Total	26,170
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Public universities	11,159
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Private universities	1,689
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Other centres of higher education	173
By scientific discipline (HC): Women: Humanities and the Arts	Total	13,021
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Public universities	651
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Private universities	155
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Other centres of higher education	437
External personnel by occupation (HC): Total	Total	1,243
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Public universities	556
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Private universities	153
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Other centres of higher education	425
External personnel by occupation (HC): Researchers	Total	1,134
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Public universities	229
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Private universities	61
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	206
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Total	Total	496
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Public universities	172
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Private universities	61
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	201
External personnel by occupation (HC): Women: Researchers	Total	434
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Public universities	489.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Private universities	108.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Other centres of higher education	189.0
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Total	Total	786.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Public universities	398.7
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Private universities	106.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Other centres of higher education	185.8
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Researchers	Total	690.6
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Public universities	200.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Private universities	40.9
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Other centres of higher education	93.2
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Total	Total	334.2
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Public universities	143.1
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Private universities	40.9
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Other centres of higher education	91.8
External personnel by occupation (FTE): Women: Researchers	Total	275.8