Main variables;Fields of operation;Total Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology;Total;1.332 Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology;Units;1.133 Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology;P.A.;120 Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology;Higher Education;67 Units that perform R+D in Biotechnology;PNPI;12 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code;Total;41 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code;Units;33 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code;P.A.;88 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code;Higher Education;87 %Units according to biotechnology used: Genetic code;PNPI;33 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units;Total;48 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units;Units;41 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units;P.A.;89 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units;Higher Education;91 %Units according to biotechnology used: Functional units;PNPI;50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering;Total;31 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering;Units;24 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering;P.A.;74 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering;Higher Education;82 %Units according to biotechnology used: Cellular and tissue culturing and engineering;PNPI;50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses;Total;53 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses;Units;50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses;P.A.;61 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses;Higher Education;93 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bioprocesses;PNPI;42 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms;Total;14 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms;Units;6 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms;P.A.;56 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms;Higher Education;72 %Units according to biotechnology used: Sub-cellular organisms;PNPI;33 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing;Total;31 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing;Units;24 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing;P.A.;69 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing;Higher Education;85 %Units according to biotechnology used: Bio-computing;PNPI;8 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology;Total;19 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology;Units;13 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology;P.A.;50 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology;Higher Education;70 %Units according to biotechnology used: Nanobiotechnology;PNPI;8 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other;Total;14 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other;Units;14 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other;P.A.;8 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other;Higher Education;18 %Units according to biotechnology used: Other;PNPI;8 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive;Total;647 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive;Units;603 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive;P.A.;33 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive;Higher Education;5 Units in which biotechnology activities are: Main and/or exclusive;PNPI;6 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business;Total;252 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business;Units;173 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business;P.A.;39 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business;Higher Education;38 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A secondary line of business;PNPI;2 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production;Total;433 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production;Units;357 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production;P.A.;48 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production;Higher Education;24 Units in which biotechnology activities are: A tool necessary for production;PNPI;4 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health;Total;51 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health;Units;45 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health;P.A.;78 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health;Higher Education;91 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Human health;PNPI;58 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture;Total;20 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture;Units;18 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture;P.A.;15 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture;Higher Education;67 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Animal Health and Aquaculture;PNPI;8 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products;Total;32 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products;Units;31 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products;P.A.;20 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products;Higher Education;79 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Food products;PNPI;8 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production:;Total;24 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production:;Units;22 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production:;P.A.;19 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production:;Higher Education;73 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Agriculture and forest production:;PNPI;25 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment;Total;17 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment;Units;14 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment;P.A.;22 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment;Higher Education;72 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Environment;PNPI;17 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry;Total;15 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry;Units;12 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry;P.A.;12 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry;Higher Education;67 %Units by field(s) of ultimate application of biotechnology use: Industry;PNPI;8 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons);Total;40.018 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons);Units;11.510 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons);P.A.;13.944 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons);Higher Education;14.415 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons);PNPI;149 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers;Total;26.603 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers;Units;6.202 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers;P.A.;8.687 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers;Higher Education;11.634 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Researchers;PNPI;80 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants;Total;13.415 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants;Units;5.308 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants;P.A.;5.257 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants;Higher Education;2.781 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): Technicians and assistants;PNPI;69 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women;Total;22.240 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women;Units;6.389 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women;P.A.;8.590 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women;Higher Education;7.165 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): women;PNPI;96 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers;Total;13.936 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers;Units;3.304 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers;P.A.;5.040 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers;Higher Education;5.545 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Researchers;PNPI;47 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants;Total;8.305 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants;Units;3.086 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants;P.A.;3.550 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants;Higher Education;1.620 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (no. of persons): (women) Technicians and assistants;PNPI;49 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE);Total;27.550,6 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE);Units;8.236,9 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE);P.A.;10.492,6 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE);Higher Education;8.726,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE);PNPI;94,8 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers;Total;17.572,9 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers;Units;4.596,1 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers;P.A.;6.124,4 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers;Higher Education;6.798,1 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Researchers;PNPI;54,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants;Total;9.977,7 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants;Units;3.640,8 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants;P.A.;4.368,2 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants;Higher Education;1.928,2 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): Technicians and assistants;PNPI;40,5 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women;Total;15.792,1 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women;Units;4.698,5 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women;P.A.;6.519,9 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women;Higher Education;4.509 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): women;PNPI;64,7 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers;Total;9.524,4 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers;Units;2.512,5 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers;P.A.;3.603,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers;Higher Education;3.374,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Researchers;PNPI;34,3 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants;Total;6.267,7 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants;Units;2.186 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants;P.A.;2.916,6 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants;Higher Education;1.134,7 Personnel in R&D in biotechnology (FTE): (women) Technicians and assistants;PNPI;30,4 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros);Total;1.783.011 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros);Units;769.431 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros);P.A.;596.928 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros);Higher Education;411.163 Internal expenditure on R&D (thousands of euros);PNPI;5.489 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses;Total;1.673.710 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses;Units;719.715 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses;P.A.;567.086 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses;Higher Education;381.526 1) By nature of the expense: Current expenses;PNPI;5.383 1.1) Remuneration to researchers;Total;677.784 1.1) Remuneration to researchers;Units;221.447 1.1) Remuneration to researchers;P.A.;225.782 1.1) Remuneration to researchers;Higher Education;228.981 1.1) Remuneration to researchers;PNPI;1.573 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants;Total;290.584 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants;Units;122.809 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants;P.A.;107.902 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants;Higher Education;58.884 1.2) Remuneration to technicians and assistants;PNPI;989 1.3) Other current expenses;Total;705.342 1.3) Other current expenses;Units;375.459 1.3) Other current expenses;P.A.;233.402 1.3) Other current expenses;Higher Education;93.661 1.3) Other current expenses;PNPI;2.820 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses;Total;109.301 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses;Units;49.715 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses;P.A.;29.842 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses;Higher Education;29.637 2) By nature of the expense: Capital expenses;PNPI;106 2.1) Land and buildings;Total;18.585 2.1) Land and buildings;Units;9.521 2.1) Land and buildings;P.A.;3.511 2.1) Land and buildings;Higher Education;5.553 2.1) Land and buildings;PNPI;0 2.2) Equipment and instruments;Total;78.285 2.2) Equipment and instruments;Units;30.466 2.2) Equipment and instruments;P.A.;25.115 2.2) Equipment and instruments;Higher Education;22.598 2.2) Equipment and instruments;PNPI;106 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software;Total;4.139 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software;Units;1.810 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software;P.A.;1.014 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software;Higher Education;1.314 2.3) Acquisition of specific R+D software;PNPI;1 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D;Total;8.292 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D;Units;7.919 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D;P.A.;202 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D;Higher Education;172 2.4) Otros productos de propiedad intelectual específicos para I+D;PNPI;0 1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds;Total;639.755 1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds;Units;490.913 1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds;P.A.;69.873 1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds;Higher Education;78.383 1.1) By origin of the funds: Own funds;PNPI;585 1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies;Total;189.495 1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies;Units;82.548 1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies;P.A.;77.770 1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies;Higher Education;28.349 1.2) By origin of the funds: From companies;PNPI;828 1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds;Total;737.076 1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds;Units;96.809 1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds;P.A.;379.076 1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds;Higher Education;258.952 1.3) By origin of the funds: Public Administration funds;PNPI;2.239 1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities;Total;2.962 1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities;Units;197 1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities;P.A.;1.380 1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities;Higher Education;1.309 1.4) By origin of the funds: From Universities;PNPI;75 1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions;Total;24.088 1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions;Units;4.766 1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions;P.A.;11.426 1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions;Higher Education;6.679 1.5) By origin of the funds: From non profit private institutions;PNPI;1.217 1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds;Total;189.635 1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds;Units;94.197 1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds;P.A.;57.401 1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds;Higher Education;37.492 1.6) By origin of the funds: Foreign funds;PNPI;545 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros);Total;153.607 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros);Units;120.281 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros);P.A.;26.850 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros);Higher Education;6.101 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros);PNPI;375 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain;Total;98.024 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain;Units;69.564 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain;P.A.;22.379 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain;Higher Education;5.769 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): in Spain;PNPI;312 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad;Total;55.583 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad;Units;50.718 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad;P.A.;4.470 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad;Higher Education;332 Purchase of services R & D in Biotechnology to (thousands of euros): Abroad;PNPI;63 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital;Total;47 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital;Units;45 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital;P.A.;59 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital;Higher Education;58 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to capital;PNPI;75 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information;Total;12 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information;Units;12 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information;P.A.;3 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information;Higher Education;12 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to technology / information;PNPI;25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources;Total;20 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources;Units;16 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources;P.A.;41 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources;Higher Education;40 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Access to human resources;PNPI;33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain;Total;16 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain;Units;14 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain;P.A.;28 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain;Higher Education;36 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Disconnection from the value chain;PNPI;25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets;Total;19 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets;Units;16 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets;P.A.;33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets;Higher Education;43 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of access to international markets;PNPI;33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels;Total;20 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels;Units;18 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels;P.A.;30 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels;Higher Education;40 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Lack of distribution and marketing channels;PNPI;25 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception;Total;15 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception;Units;15 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception;P.A.;11 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception;Higher Education;11 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Acceptance / public perception;PNPI;33 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements;Total;37 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements;Units;37 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements;P.A.;42 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements;Higher Education;34 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Legal and regulatory requirements;PNPI;42 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost;Total;53 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost;Units;52 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost;P.A.;61 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost;Higher Education;61 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Time / cost;PNPI;58 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting;Total;20 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting;Units;20 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting;P.A.;20 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting;Higher Education;19 %Units that consider the following obstacles as very important considering biotechnology development: Difficulty accessing patenting;PNPI;25 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology;Total;21 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology;Units;15 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology;P.A.;45 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology;Higher Education;75 %Units that have requested biotechnology patents in Biotechnology;PNPI;8 Number of patents requested;Total;1.785 Number of patents requested;Units;681 Number of patents requested;P.A.;555 Number of patents requested;Higher Education;548 Number of patents requested;PNPI;1