Reference years;Sectors of performance;Total
2023 (A);GDPpm;1,498,324
2023 (A);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1.49
2023 (A);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Government;0.27
2023 (A);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher education;0.38
2023 (A);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Enterprises and PNP;0.85
2022 (P);GDPpm;1,373,629
2022 (P);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1.41
2022 (P);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Government;0.24
2022 (P);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher education;0.37
2022 (P);(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Enterprises and PNP;0.80
2021;GDPpm;1,235,474
2021;(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Total;1.40
2021;(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Government;0.24
2021;(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Higher education;0.37
2021;(R&D expenditure/GDP)*100: Enterprises and PNP;0.79