Statistics on R&D Activities in the Business Sector 
Total sectors
C* Indicators by OECD countries, resources allocated to R+D and period. 
Units: specified in variables

,Total internal expenditure x 100/GDP market prices,,,,,Personnel R+D (FTE) x 1000/Employed,,,,,Total researchers (physical persons),,,,,Percentage of women among total number of researchers,,,,,
,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,
Australia,..,..,1.79,..,1.88,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Austria,3.19,3.14,3.06,3.12,3.05,18.5,18.0,17.2,17.3,16.7,..,..,83,648,..,78,051,..,..,30.1,..,29.5,
Belgium,2.89,2.67,2.67,2.52,2.43,19.7,18.3,17.4,16.9,16.8,..,..,78,867,..,73,709,..,..,34.8,..,34.1,
Canada,1.54,1.56,1.67,1.73,1.69,..,..,12.2,12.4,13.4,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Chile,..,0.35,0.36,0.37,0.38,..,1.9,2.0,2.0,1.9,..,14,596,14,392,14,181,13,015,..,34.4,34.4,33.1,33.0,
Colombia,0.28,0.29,0.26,0.30,0.32,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Czech Republic,1.94,1.90,1.77,1.67,1.92,14.6,13.8,13.0,12.5,12.8,63,690,61,966,59,789,56,178,56,605,27.2,26.6,26.8,26.7,26.9,
Danemark,2.96,3.02,3.03,3.09,3.05,20.2,21.8,21.6,21.9,21.3,..,..,61,961,60,782,60,492,..,..,35.8,..,33.8,
Estonia,1.61,1.41,1.28,1.23,1.46,9.9,9.5,9.4,9.2,9.0,..,7,281,7,344,6,845,7,181,..,43.9,42.2,43.6,43.9,
Finland,2.79,2.75,2.73,2.72,2.87,19.3,19.0,19.1,18.7,20.0,58,291,55,415,54,139,53,752,55,728,33.7,33.7,33.2,32.5,32.3,
France,2.19,2.20,2.20,2.22,2.27,16.3,16.1,15.9,15.7,15.6,..,429,959,416,217,396,594,383,843,..,..,28.3,28.0,27.0,
Germany,3.18,3.12,3.05,2.94,2.93,16.2,15.8,15.5,15.1,14.9,..,..,623,125,..,586,030,..,..,27.9,..,28.0,
Greece,1.27,1.21,1.15,1.01,0.97,12.0,11.4,10.7,9.4,11.5,..,..,61,616,..,60,736,..,..,37.8,..,38.0,
Hungary,1.48,1.51,1.32,1.18,1.34,12.1,11.7,8.9,8.0,8.5,..,54,970,42,729,38,915,38,418,..,28.0,30.5,30.8,30.8,
Iceland,2.35,2.01,2.08,2.11,2.18,..,..,16.0,..,16.0,..,..,3,783,..,3,722,..,..,46.4,..,45.6,
Ireland,1.23,1.17,1.22,1.17,1.18,16.5,16.5,17.1,16.8,17.3,..,..,34,791,..,33,117,..,..,36.3,..,36.1,
Israel,4.93,4.85,4.69,4.52,4.26,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Italy,1.45,1.42,1.37,1.37,1.34,14.0,13.6,12.6,11.7,10.6,..,212,671,195,560,185,916,174,327,..,33.9,34.3,35.2,36.0,
Japan,3.24,3.28,3.21,3.16,3.28,13.0,13.1,13.2,13.0,13.2,942,180,935,658,930,720,917,725,907,455,16.9,16.6,16.2,15.7,15.3,
Korea,4.64,4.52,4.29,3.99,3.98,19.4,18.7,17.6,16.9,16.9,538,136,514,170,482,796,460,769,453,262,21.0,20.4,20.1,19.7,18.9,
Latvia,0.64,0.64,0.51,0.44,0.62,6.6,6.4,6.1,5.8,6.3,..,7,439,7,504,7,400,7,827,..,50.7,52.2,52.2,51.0,
Lithuania,1.00,1.00,1.00,1.00,1.00,9.0,9.0,9.0,8.0,8.0,..,19,198,18,767,17,746,17,293,..,49.0,49.5,51.6,50.7,
Luxembourg,1.19,1.17,1.27,1.30,1.30,12.7,12.2,12.8,12.9,13.0,..,..,3,540,..,3,207,..,..,28.1,..,28.4,
Mexico,0.28,0.31,0.33,0.39,0.43,1.7,1.6,1.7,1.7,1.5,58,013,54,539,54,578,54,357,48,812,32.8,33.2,33.5,33.7,34.7,
The Netherlands,2.16,2.14,2.18,2.15,2.15,16.7,16.7,16.4,16.2,15.8,..,130,153,124,834,124,568,118,902,..,27.0,26.1,26.1,25.2,
New Zealand,..,..,1.35,..,1.23,..,..,14.2,..,14.1,..,..,44,000,..,39,000,..,..,..,..,..,
Norway,2.15,2.05,2.10,2.04,1.94,17.2,16.7,16.8,16.2,15.7,..,59,629,57,934,54,601,52,181,..,38.8,38.1,37.6,37.4,
Poland,1.32,1.21,1.03,0.96,1.00,10.0,9.9,8.8,6.9,6.8,..,192,833,187,905,132,547,118,494,..,37.9,38.1,36.4,37.0,
Portugal,1.40,1.35,1.32,1.28,1.24,12.4,11.8,11.5,10.8,10.5,100,823,96,123,89,659,85,780,81,005,42.8,43.3,43.7,43.5,44.1,
Slovak Republic,0.83,0.84,0.89,0.79,1.16,8.7,8.4,8.0,7.7,7.8,28,851,28,755,26,861,26,720,24,396,41.0,41.2,41.9,41.4,42.2,
Slovenia,2.04,1.95,1.87,2.01,2.20,16.2,15.4,14.9,15.0,15.1,..,15,388,14,079,11,282,11,308,..,32.5,32.3,34.5,36.5,
Spain,1.25,1.24,1.21,1.19,1.22,11.4,11.4,11.1,10.9,10.9,..,234,798,225,995,218,680,214,227,..,40.8,40.5,40.2,40.0,
Sweden,3.40,3.32,3.36,3.25,3.22,17.8,18.1,17.8,18.5,17.4,..,..,107,042,..,108,761,..,..,32.6,..,33.7,
Swizterland,..,..,3.18,..,3.26,..,..,16.3,..,16.6,..,..,73,502,..,70,834,..,..,34.9,..,33.5,
Turkey,1.06,1.03,0.95,0.94,0.88,6.6,6.1,5.5,5.1,4.6,243,773,230,030,210,769,191,769,190,784,37.0,36.8,37.0,36.7,37.3,
United Kingdom,1.76,1.73,1.68,1.66,1.65,14.8,14.3,13.8,13.1,13.2,..,535,477,520,936,510,980,496,953,..,38.6,38.7,38.7,38.6,
United States,3.07,2.95,2.85,2.79,2.72,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Total,2.47,2.42,2.35,2.31,2.31,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
European Union - 27 countries (since 02/01/2020),2.10,2.07,2.03,1.99,2.01,14.0,13.7,13.2,12.7,12.5,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Argentina,..,..,0.56,0.53,0.62,..,..,4.4,4.5,4.4,..,..,84,284,86,562,82,407,..,..,53.8,53.0,52.6,
China,2.23,2.14,2.12,2.10,2.06,..,5.6,5.2,5.0,4.9,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Romania,0.48,0.50,0.50,0.48,0.49,3.7,3.7,3.8,3.8,3.7,..,27,471,27,367,27,801,27,253,..,46.2,46.7,45.8,46.2,
Russian Federation,1.03,0.98,1.11,1.10,1.10,10.5,10.5,10.8,11.1,11.5,348,221,347,854,359,793,370,379,379,411,39.1,39.2,39.5,40.0,40.3,
Singapore,..,1.84,1.92,2.08,2.18,..,12.1,12.1,12.3,12.4,..,43,310,42,838,43,177,43,159,..,30.8,30.7,30.7,30.2,
South Africa,..,..,0.83,0.82,0.80,..,..,2.7,2.7,2.6,..,..,61,840,56,761,51,877,..,..,44.9,45.1,45.0,
Chinese Taipei,3.50,3.36,3.19,3.09,3.00,23.6,22.9,22.5,22.2,21.9,199,144,193,035,187,971,184,898,183,022,22.7,22.6,22.6,22.3,22.2,
Notes:
1) Source: OECD. MSTI 2020-2 Database. 
  FTE: Full Time Equivalent 
 '..' data not available
 C** - table added on April 29, 2022.
Source: National Statistics Institute