Statistics on R&D Activities in the Business Sector 
Total sectors
C** Indicators by OECD countries, resources allocated to R+D and period. 
Units: specified in variables

,Total internal expenditure x 100/GDP market prices,,,,,Personnel R+D (FTE) x 1000/Employed,,,,,Total researchers (physical persons),,,,,Percentage of women among total number of researchers,,,,,
,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,
Australia,..,1.80,..,1.79,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Austria,3.20,3.13,3.09,3.06,3.12,18.3,18.4,17.9,17.2,17.3,..,93,179,..,83,648,..,..,30.4,..,30.1,..,
Belgium,3.48,3.16,2.86,2.67,2.52,21.0,19.1,18.4,17.4,16.9,..,91,757,..,78,867,..,..,32.6,..,34.8,..,
Canada,1.70,1.59,1.68,1.69,1.73,..,..,12.5,12.3,12.4,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Chile,..,0.34,0.37,0.36,0.37,..,1.9,2.0,2.0,2.0,..,15,438,15,467,14,392,14,181,..,34.8,32.4,34.4,33.1,
Colombia,0.29,0.32,0.31,0.26,0.27,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Czech Republic,1.99,1.93,1.90,1.77,1.67,15.2,14.6,13.8,13.0,12.5,65,193,63,690,61,966,59,789,56,178,27.6,27.2,26.6,26.8,26.7,
Danemark,2.96,2.89,2.97,2.93,3.09,20.8,20.7,20.2,20.6,21.9,61,481,61,573,60,389,60,085,60,782,..,35.3,..,35.7,..,
Estonia,1.79,1.63,1.42,1.28,1.24,10.2,9.9,9.5,9.4,9.2,..,7,734,7,281,7,344,6,845,..,42.4,43.9,42.2,43.6,
Finland,2.91,2.80,2.76,2.73,2.72,20.4,19.3,19.0,19.1,18.7,..,58,291,55,415,54,139,53,752,..,33.7,33.7,33.2,32.5,
France,2.35,2.19,2.20,2.20,2.22,16.7,16.2,16.1,15.9,15.7,..,..,429,959,416,217,396,594,..,..,..,28.3,28.0,
Germany,3.14,3.17,3.11,3.05,2.94,16.4,16.3,15.8,15.5,15.1,..,667,394,..,623,125,..,..,28.1,..,27.9,..,
Greece,1.50,1.28,1.21,1.15,1.01,12.7,11.8,11.4,10.7,9.4,..,66,451,..,61,616,..,..,39.0,..,37.8,..,
Hungary,1.61,1.48,1.51,1.32,1.18,12.8,12.1,11.7,8.9,8.0,..,58,091,54,970,42,729,38,915,..,30.0,28.0,30.5,30.8,
Iceland,2.47,2.32,2.00,2.08,2.11,..,..,..,16.1,..,..,..,..,3,783,..,..,..,..,46.4,..,
Ireland,1.23,1.23,1.17,1.26,1.18,14.7,14.1,14.2,15.8,16.5,..,37,003,..,34,721,..,..,38.1,..,36.3,..,
Israel,5.44,5.14,4.80,4.66,4.51,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Italy,1.53,1.46,1.42,1.37,1.37,14.0,14.0,13.6,12.6,11.7,..,222,165,210,419,195,560,185,916,..,34.2,33.8,34.3,35.2,
Japan,3.27,3.21,3.22,3.17,3.11,13.3,13.0,13.1,13.2,13.0,951,726,942,180,935,658,930,720,917,725,17.5,16.9,16.6,16.2,15.7,
Korea,4.81,4.63,4.52,4.29,3.99,20.3,19.4,18.7,17.6,16.9,558,045,538,136,514,170,482,796,460,769,21.4,21.0,20.4,20.1,19.7,
Latvia,0.71,0.64,0.64,0.51,0.44,7.5,6.6,6.4,6.1,5.8,..,7,724,7,439,7,504,7,400,..,50.6,50.7,52.2,52.2,
Lithuania,1.16,0.99,0.94,0.90,0.84,10.5,9.4,8.7,8.5,8.0,..,18,811,19,198,18,767,17,746,..,49.1,49.0,49.5,51.6,
Luxembourg,1.13,1.18,1.17,1.24,1.27,12.0,12.5,12.2,12.8,12.9,..,3,722,..,3,540,..,..,27.4,..,28.1,..,
Mexico,0.30,0.28,0.31,0.33,0.39,1.9,1.7,1.6,1.7,1.7,62,356,58,013,54,539,54,578,54,357,32.3,32.8,33.2,33.5,33.7,
The Netherlands,2.29,2.18,2.14,2.18,2.15,16.9,16.7,16.7,16.4,16.2,..,136,034,130,153,124,834,124,568,..,27.9,27.0,26.1,26.1,
New Zealand,..,1.41,..,1.35,..,..,14.8,..,13.4,..,..,44,000,..,40,000,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Norway,2.28,2.16,2.05,2.10,2.04,17.5,17.2,16.7,16.8,16.2,..,61,657,59,629,57,934,54,601,..,38.6,38.8,38.1,37.6,
Poland,1.39,1.32,1.21,1.03,0.96,10.6,10.0,9.9,8.8,6.9,..,194,607,192,833,187,905,132,547,..,37.6,37.9,38.1,36.4,
Portugal,1.62,1.40,1.35,1.32,1.28,13.6,12.4,11.8,11.5,10.8,104,681,100,823,96,123,89,659,85,780,42.5,42.8,43.3,43.7,43.5,
Slovak Republic,0.91,0.83,0.84,0.89,0.79,9.3,8.7,8.4,8.0,7.7,28,696,28,851,28,755,26,861,26,720,41.1,41.0,41.2,41.9,41.4,
Slovenia,2.15,2.05,1.95,1.87,2.01,15.2,16.2,15.4,14.9,15.0,..,15,925,15,388,14,079,11,282,..,33.3,32.5,32.3,34.5,
Spain,1.41,1.25,1.24,1.21,1.19,11.9,11.4,11.4,11.1,10.9,..,241,372,234,798,225,995,218,680,..,41.3,40.8,40.5,40.2,
Sweden,3.53,3.39,3.32,3.36,3.25,18.9,18.0,18.0,17.7,18.5,..,111,179,..,107,042,..,..,33.3,..,32.6,..,
Swizterland,..,3.15,..,3.03,..,..,16.9,..,15.8,..,..,77,492,..,71,657,..,..,35.8,..,35.2,..,
Turkey,1.09,1.06,1.03,0.95,0.94,7.5,6.6,6.0,5.5,5.1,257,930,243,773,230,030,210,769,191,769,36.7,37.0,36.8,37.0,36.7,
United Kingdom,..,1.71,1.70,1.66,1.64,..,14.5,14.3,13.8,13.1,..,548,498,535,477,520,936,510,980,..,39.0,38.6,38.7,38.7,
United States,3.45,3.18,3.01,2.91,2.85,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Total,2.68,2.51,2.44,2.37,2.33,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
European Union - 27 countries (since 02/01/2020),2.20,2.11,2.07,2.03,1.99,14.4,14.0,13.7,13.2,12.7,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Argentina,..,0.46,0.50,0.56,0.53,..,4.5,4.5,4.4,4.5,..,90,747,88,872,84,284,86,562,..,53.0,53.3,53.8,53.0,
China,2.40,2.23,2.14,2.12,2.10,7.0,6.4,5.8,5.3,5.1,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
Romania,0.47,0.48,0.50,0.50,0.48,3.9,3.7,3.7,3.8,3.8,..,27,168,27,471,27,367,27,801,..,46.9,46.2,46.7,45.8,
Russian Federation,1.10,1.04,0.99,1.11,1.10,10.6,10.5,10.5,10.8,11.1,346,497,348,221,347,854,359,793,370,379,38.8,39.1,39.2,39.5,40.0,
Singapore,..,1.89,1.81,1.90,2.07,..,12.8,12.1,12.1,12.3,..,46,125,43,329,42,838,43,177,..,30.8,30.8,30.7,30.7,
South Africa,..,..,..,0.83,0.82,..,..,..,2.7,2.7,..,..,..,61,840,56,761,..,..,..,44.9,45.1,
Chinese Taipei,3.64,3.49,3.35,3.19,3.09,24.3,23.6,22.9,22.5,22.2,203,970,199,144,193,035,187,971,184,898,22.9,22.7,22.6,22.6,22.3,
Notes:
1) Source: OECD. MSTI 2021-2 Database. 
  FTE: Full Time Equivalent 
 '..' data not available
 C** - table added on April 29, 2022.
Source: National Statistics Institute