Indicator type Years Total Personnel Total: Number of persons 2024 451,538 Personnel Total: Number of persons 2023 431,848 Personnel Total: Number of persons 2022 419,649 Personnel Total: Number of persons 2021 398,661 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE 2024 295,289.7 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE 2023 282,415.2 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE 2022 263,407.1 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE 2021 249,473.9 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (annual growth rate) 2024 1.05 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (annual growth rate) 2023 1.07 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (annual growth rate) 2022 1.06 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (annual growth rate) 2021 1.08 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2024 13.6 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2023 13.3 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2022 12.9 Personnel Total: Persons in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2021 12.6 Research personnel: Number of persons 2024 289,834 Research personnel: Number of persons 2023 276,018 Research personnel: Number of persons 2022 267,409 Research personnel: Number of persons 2021 255,385 Research personnel: in FTE 2024 184,381.9 Research personnel: in FTE 2023 175,043.7 Research personnel: in FTE 2022 161,750.5 Research personnel: in FTE 2021 154,125.3 Research personnel: in FTE (annual growth rate) 2024 1.05 Research personnel: in FTE (annual growth rate) 2023 1.08 Research personnel: in FTE (annual growth rate) 2022 1.05 Research personnel: in FTE (annual growth rate) 2021 1.06 Research personnel: in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2024 8.5 Research personnel: in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2023 8.3 Research personnel: in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2022 7.9 Research personnel: in FTE (per thousand with respect to the employed population) 2021 7.8