Economically Active Population Survey National results Activity rates by sector of the level of education attained, sex and age group Units: Rates Total From 16 to 24 years From 25 to 34 years (current quarter) From 35 to 44 years From 45 to 54 years 55 and more years 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 Both sexes Total 58.85 58.53 58.38 57.44 58.64 58.65 58.83 59.23 37.12 36.42 35.25 33.46 36.85 36.95 37.32 36.94 86.94 86.11 86.08 84.39 86.23 86.54 86.95 87.72 89.37 89.11 89.12 87.83 89.41 89.61 89.96 90.31 86.48 86.20 85.43 84.02 85.13 84.34 84.01 84.08 29.89 29.09 28.50 27.55 26.78 25.97 25.35 24.94 00 Formación general, formación básica de adultos y habilidades personales 45.72 46.09 45.76 44.97 46.93 47.16 47.74 48.23 27.02 26.33 25.23 24.13 28.52 28.42 27.91 27.97 80.11 80.74 80.63 79.51 83.02 82.84 83.70 84.63 86.37 84.81 85.60 83.67 86.15 86.07 86.81 87.83 80.95 81.86 81.15 79.23 80.77 79.54 79.82 80.68 23.26 23.12 22.33 21.64 21.52 21.53 20.86 20.52 01 Educación 71.51 71.54 70.28 70.92 71.66 70.30 71.91 72.10 68.55 71.01 61.60 62.00 61.88 65.67 69.45 68.66 87.45 90.21 88.95 86.19 86.33 85.59 87.00 87.87 90.25 92.69 92.39 90.44 93.57 89.63 91.26 92.61 90.64 91.53 90.70 91.00 90.04 89.57 89.75 88.99 37.52 36.39 34.61 38.72 39.12 33.58 35.17 36.56 02 Artes, humanidades y lenguas 70.54 66.60 72.11 69.95 74.02 73.84 71.64 74.79 61.01 43.94 54.09 58.83 50.61 53.47 53.86 51.00 81.55 82.57 87.55 83.14 86.91 87.32 84.07 87.10 88.88 89.50 90.74 87.23 89.70 91.86 91.38 92.57 90.46 87.96 88.88 87.78 90.84 87.97 86.21 86.77 41.69 34.70 44.41 39.74 44.54 42.06 35.89 38.96 03 Ciencias sociales, periodismo y documentación 78.39 79.88 80.29 80.58 80.41 81.58 80.17 84.04 67.86 76.48 65.32 51.58 52.07 63.51 58.46 63.85 82.44 88.29 90.03 87.23 88.82 86.08 91.30 93.49 94.00 95.12 92.66 95.39 93.65 94.12 92.34 93.24 94.42 95.26 92.60 91.03 90.96 91.53 85.39 91.51 45.00 47.74 49.78 55.00 47.19 51.91 46.89 52.95 04 Negocios, administración y derecho 80.56 78.37 77.84 77.89 79.40 80.61 80.52 81.69 66.45 66.98 68.10 62.65 64.77 70.66 66.35 65.47 92.11 89.31 88.00 86.92 88.19 90.57 91.02 89.92 93.12 92.09 90.71 90.81 91.43 92.43 92.83 91.34 92.45 89.25 87.62 87.76 89.30 89.35 88.68 87.48 52.90 49.96 49.05 46.99 46.45 43.49 43.62 48.65 05 Ciencias naturales, químicas, físicas y matemáticas 79.89 77.82 78.57 78.12 79.47 78.66 79.90 81.26 66.03 59.18 69.16 61.50 63.77 57.73 58.99 64.75 92.22 87.53 89.97 86.17 82.90 86.90 84.49 85.27 93.46 93.62 93.21 94.31 94.62 93.53 93.03 96.55 95.39 92.59 95.93 93.87 94.78 92.75 95.10 95.60 49.46 48.39 42.61 50.40 45.96 42.48 49.02 40.74 06 Tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) 87.44 88.20 87.54 86.14 87.99 88.06 89.37 89.93 65.20 68.88 67.86 58.94 64.42 68.85 68.79 60.28 96.07 93.03 91.44 89.91 91.06 91.97 92.11 92.87 95.37 95.73 95.51 95.24 94.28 95.10 95.62 94.84 91.40 91.83 94.34 93.82 97.04 93.49 95.51 96.95 60.73 67.67 60.26 58.73 58.13 49.95 55.53 67.45 07 Mecánica, electrónica y otra formación técnica; industria y construcción 77.37 77.90 77.38 77.73 78.67 80.19 79.56 80.58 71.88 68.93 70.47 71.41 73.43 71.04 71.94 72.29 95.20 94.08 94.12 91.54 93.82 93.72 92.17 95.22 96.41 94.73 94.79 94.33 95.72 96.05 95.38 96.12 93.66 93.27 92.72 91.50 91.88 94.05 93.73 91.57 45.03 44.60 44.53 44.10 42.74 42.56 42.12 41.36 08 Agricultura, ganadería, pesca, silvicultura y veterinaria 79.50 79.54 80.46 81.80 81.26 84.85 81.74 83.83 72.66 92.41 68.39 62.47 71.40 65.03 70.70 71.25 95.29 90.80 93.74 91.00 91.08 93.86 91.79 86.85 82.62 97.01 94.36 93.64 93.98 95.61 91.76 96.12 95.80 91.45 88.68 94.83 91.17 94.54 90.57 93.21 58.21 49.13 56.35 53.15 50.73 59.23 49.62 54.18 09 Salud y servicios sociales 76.52 77.76 78.05 77.85 78.96 78.93 78.94 82.22 62.76 68.98 67.17 67.98 68.79 66.29 70.19 64.28 90.63 91.72 88.82 90.43 88.18 89.58 88.46 91.07 90.98 94.31 92.97 91.46 91.33 91.59 93.29 92.83 90.55 92.50 90.89 89.54 90.50 90.61 88.24 90.84 50.24 49.85 52.48 51.11 54.67 54.18 53.92 61.51 10 Servicios 79.50 79.42 77.74 75.88 78.05 78.15 81.65 79.32 66.92 71.10 64.42 67.97 72.47 73.51 76.05 76.55 93.67 85.86 88.62 82.69 89.77 86.00 93.64 89.80 90.79 90.31 87.74 86.71 87.34 89.33 89.55 88.61 86.21 89.69 87.06 83.53 86.25 85.10 86.87 81.56 47.47 46.50 38.66 41.21 34.41 35.10 44.83 41.09 99 Sectores desconocidos o no especificados 24.51 23.75 22.11 20.03 18.98 21.08 20.11 22.79 41.64 31.18 34.25 40.96 40.00 40.50 27.75 45.20 60.55 49.28 69.28 57.62 41.17 65.89 61.86 64.62 50.53 58.37 57.40 51.20 65.49 63.29 62.16 63.41 59.58 58.69 53.86 57.22 53.80 58.58 59.26 55.86 7.67 8.02 7.10 5.50 5.13 5.87 5.60 5.81 Males Total 63.95 63.93 63.71 62.93 64.28 64.55 64.73 65.13 39.39 38.63 37.15 36.05 39.29 39.27 39.32 38.95 89.65 89.00 88.29 87.02 89.74 90.10 90.26 91.21 93.51 93.47 93.22 92.48 93.86 94.39 94.49 94.87 90.91 91.41 91.02 90.09 90.95 90.72 90.66 90.84 34.90 34.31 33.67 32.69 32.05 31.40 30.85 30.19 00 Formación general, formación básica de adultos y habilidades personales 53.73 54.76 54.02 53.22 55.28 55.66 56.35 57.09 29.53 29.40 28.06 27.23 31.82 31.68 31.10 31.87 85.83 86.64 84.59 83.78 88.61 88.83 89.36 90.86 91.71 91.56 91.35 89.51 91.71 92.43 92.60 93.71 87.26 89.58 88.68 87.14 88.47 87.71 88.00 89.35 29.27 29.70 28.32 27.59 27.65 27.61 27.34 26.30 01 Educación 73.33 67.78 69.24 67.15 68.21 69.23 67.78 72.45 61.56 63.98 48.28 52.92 57.73 58.03 54.43 83.06 89.82 90.22 90.71 86.24 87.19 92.09 86.70 85.19 98.06 94.50 92.50 92.89 98.16 90.39 94.85 97.28 95.79 95.28 98.44 93.36 96.59 95.55 89.01 96.72 31.59 32.21 31.16 32.81 31.78 32.88 31.54 37.78 02 Artes, humanidades y lenguas 73.01 70.37 73.58 70.39 76.92 74.37 75.84 74.91 57.72 52.16 50.67 63.91 54.66 45.92 56.15 46.98 84.46 83.61 86.84 86.88 89.18 82.14 87.74 80.80 92.98 94.32 92.86 91.37 94.12 96.97 93.56 93.64 93.15 93.60 91.55 91.70 91.04 91.80 90.06 93.75 46.76 40.04 44.18 38.34 50.05 41.69 40.60 39.48 03 Ciencias sociales, periodismo y documentación 79.12 79.71 80.96 80.88 79.26 83.21 79.36 80.00 72.05 81.98 75.63 20.26 47.88 77.27 50.82 61.86 92.70 89.28 87.91 94.06 87.67 89.27 88.92 92.63 96.66 98.76 97.20 97.67 96.55 97.20 96.97 94.57 97.07 97.84 96.69 91.59 97.34 95.08 90.96 92.76 44.48 45.83 53.12 56.90 41.70 52.43 44.43 50.53 04 Negocios, administración y derecho 82.92 79.97 80.46 80.67 81.51 82.31 81.66 83.18 64.24 61.70 69.59 65.67 63.51 67.24 62.08 56.53 92.05 92.14 90.38 88.29 89.07 92.38 91.58 90.15 97.52 96.21 95.20 96.36 96.94 98.06 97.57 97.39 96.38 94.03 92.35 94.29 95.39 96.11 96.62 93.99 56.80 50.55 53.69 49.62 47.23 44.63 41.72 52.63 05 Ciencias naturales, químicas, físicas y matemáticas 76.75 76.50 78.29 76.70 78.32 75.62 78.03 81.04 61.87 40.41 71.51 71.38 60.72 59.24 51.65 68.69 92.90 91.91 92.11 82.84 84.17 89.16 85.67 88.48 91.57 98.06 98.27 96.20 99.65 92.60 96.33 97.25 100.00 96.06 97.94 95.56 95.60 93.70 97.65 96.53 43.60 46.23 40.31 50.44 42.57 40.41 46.87 39.64 06 Tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) 89.15 88.95 88.19 88.50 88.15 88.65 89.21 90.80 68.50 68.52 65.90 56.39 60.23 67.86 66.43 59.85 95.90 93.00 92.44 94.60 92.19 93.51 91.70 95.20 97.78 96.53 97.70 96.60 96.25 96.97 97.61 95.76 94.51 96.09 98.17 98.81 98.21 97.30 95.86 97.06 61.89 63.33 58.04 62.67 55.24 45.05 51.96 66.25 07 Mecánica, electrónica y otra formación técnica; industria y construcción 77.00 77.78 76.84 77.50 79.03 80.24 79.56 80.22 74.19 71.39 69.92 72.31 75.97 72.59 72.71 73.63 95.50 94.80 94.88 91.63 94.66 93.79 93.79 95.69 97.10 95.42 95.47 95.13 96.68 96.87 96.60 97.08 93.93 93.38 93.09 92.44 93.88 95.11 94.58 91.91 44.67 44.82 43.37 44.13 42.90 42.96 40.91 40.61 08 Agricultura, ganadería, pesca, silvicultura y veterinaria 75.75 79.52 80.10 80.56 78.79 83.42 82.91 82.15 73.36 96.89 71.59 68.47 63.46 61.29 79.81 70.72 93.60 94.59 95.36 92.05 88.78 96.19 100.00 88.19 80.21 97.86 98.61 96.71 95.00 97.09 93.74 99.12 96.90 94.29 94.33 94.27 89.15 94.75 96.25 93.94 55.93 48.68 55.19 49.37 52.85 56.72 47.20 52.12 09 Salud y servicios sociales 80.12 79.11 80.44 82.37 81.58 79.31 81.08 83.55 59.35 67.08 60.30 70.83 62.84 62.65 69.52 59.61 91.20 89.61 90.98 91.51 91.49 86.94 88.23 93.45 97.04 96.55 95.97 99.23 94.44 98.08 98.80 97.76 94.52 94.41 99.59 97.29 93.59 95.60 95.10 94.97 55.79 54.85 56.06 55.84 63.06 55.33 60.61 62.99 10 Servicios 79.17 77.05 79.59 78.32 81.24 81.53 81.24 76.44 64.78 67.99 69.17 61.43 72.55 70.49 76.49 69.49 92.09 81.91 87.65 88.36 92.92 93.34 95.22 87.97 94.46 94.76 94.40 96.16 95.96 95.90 98.53 93.90 91.64 93.71 96.25 92.28 96.03 96.44 97.80 96.27 47.09 41.24 37.05 40.05 34.28 36.16 37.04 32.10 99 Sectores desconocidos o no especificados 34.43 32.97 32.49 29.56 31.33 32.48 32.94 31.70 46.49 34.33 36.50 38.95 45.13 44.36 34.87 33.53 54.36 50.37 66.23 55.45 52.93 71.37 65.31 67.74 56.51 57.45 59.39 61.39 71.15 68.47 76.37 69.81 73.64 70.15 56.92 71.21 60.82 64.72 66.08 73.00 14.35 14.19 15.55 9.63 11.41 12.40 11.97 10.91 Females Total 54.04 53.42 53.34 52.24 53.30 53.06 53.24 53.64 34.72 34.09 33.26 30.72 34.29 34.52 35.23 34.85 84.17 83.17 83.84 81.74 82.71 83.00 83.67 84.26 85.23 84.73 84.98 83.19 84.94 84.77 85.35 85.65 82.01 80.95 79.78 77.94 79.29 77.92 77.33 77.29 25.64 24.68 24.13 23.16 22.30 21.38 20.70 20.51 00 Formación general, formación básica de adultos y habilidades personales 37.72 37.53 37.63 36.82 38.69 38.86 39.28 39.44 24.37 23.11 22.19 20.90 24.96 24.96 24.50 23.66 71.93 72.70 75.22 73.52 75.73 75.06 76.69 76.50 79.55 76.62 78.25 75.89 79.26 78.21 79.32 80.28 73.53 72.84 72.45 70.66 72.10 70.80 71.12 71.17 18.34 17.76 17.57 16.83 16.55 16.63 15.59 15.90 01 Educación 70.93 72.82 70.61 72.04 72.84 70.62 73.03 72.00 71.30 74.01 66.66 65.15 63.22 67.80 72.67 65.36 86.65 90.21 88.39 86.17 86.11 83.83 87.09 88.55 87.45 92.10 92.36 89.79 92.03 89.39 90.44 91.13 89.24 90.51 88.70 90.35 88.01 88.13 89.91 87.15 39.24 38.07 35.72 40.72 42.20 33.84 36.37 36.11 02 Artes, humanidades y lenguas 68.92 64.03 71.06 69.67 72.09 73.50 68.74 74.71 63.08 37.01 55.88 54.21 47.65 58.84 51.81 53.54 79.39 81.96 88.19 80.52 85.30 90.60 81.53 90.94 86.37 86.57 89.22 85.09 86.56 88.61 90.01 91.92 88.98 83.70 87.05 85.67 90.74 85.30 83.05 82.35 38.06 30.80 44.56 40.77 40.67 42.29 33.02 38.60 03 Ciencias sociales, periodismo y documentación 77.98 79.97 79.95 80.40 81.00 80.68 80.57 86.31 65.01 75.30 62.37 64.93 53.24 59.32 61.53 64.71 78.00 87.76 91.09 83.76 89.45 84.20 92.27 93.79 92.77 93.48 90.94 94.22 92.59 92.66 90.28 92.55 92.90 93.64 90.34 90.69 87.22 89.67 82.66 90.81 45.40 49.05 47.23 53.60 51.22 51.51 48.67 56.26 04 Negocios, administración y derecho 79.14 77.40 76.31 76.16 78.13 79.58 79.81 80.82 68.67 70.82 66.81 60.19 65.77 72.92 69.19 70.50 92.15 87.13 86.68 86.08 87.66 89.71 90.71 89.80 90.79 89.88 88.44 87.96 88.47 89.13 90.20 88.29 90.21 86.82 85.05 83.77 85.79 85.57 83.61 83.87 50.51 49.55 45.80 45.00 45.88 42.52 45.21 44.69 05 Ciencias naturales, químicas, físicas y matemáticas 83.24 79.04 78.88 79.65 80.58 81.56 81.98 81.48 72.72 77.45 67.71 48.55 65.79 56.13 69.06 59.98 91.73 84.02 87.99 88.86 81.78 84.84 83.24 81.68 95.19 90.58 88.59 92.96 90.76 94.05 89.99 95.97 90.09 89.24 93.32 91.76 93.91 91.56 92.92 94.61 57.89 51.14 46.30 50.34 50.93 45.72 52.91 42.16 06 Tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones (TIC) 82.04 85.58 85.17 79.23 87.45 86.14 89.92 86.91 44.03 71.62 81.69 70.20 80.63 75.04 83.28 62.18 96.78 93.18 87.16 76.50 87.51 86.84 93.84 83.57 88.38 92.01 87.68 90.95 87.92 89.23 90.48 91.90 84.16 83.35 85.98 82.78 93.46 85.60 94.42 96.68 58.26 75.45 69.95 45.72 72.54 74.38 66.39 70.96 07 Mecánica, electrónica y otra formación técnica; industria y construcción 80.68 78.90 81.86 79.52 75.93 79.75 79.57 83.87 45.77 38.35 75.99 62.04 44.77 57.64 63.61 63.09 92.84 90.18 88.72 91.07 89.09 93.25 83.31 92.18 92.41 90.13 90.58 89.02 90.17 90.25 88.02 89.18 91.25 92.50 89.56 84.47 75.89 83.95 82.60 88.15 49.90 42.10 57.91 43.64 40.91 36.13 57.60 55.46 08 Agricultura, ganadería, pesca, silvicultura y veterinaria 86.54 79.60 81.11 84.20 86.47 88.93 78.50 87.33 70.96 75.22 62.15 50.50 81.19 78.77 49.46 72.41 97.14 83.07 92.12 89.60 93.17 89.79 79.15 85.44 86.01 95.39 87.50 89.95 91.67 93.25 88.24 92.65 94.21 85.32 81.35 96.38 96.10 93.54 69.51 90.37 67.61 50.99 62.00 64.63 38.91 72.54 84.54 70.12 09 Salud y servicios sociales 75.51 77.39 77.33 76.51 78.20 78.82 78.36 81.86 63.38 69.50 68.93 67.11 70.37 67.42 70.36 65.74 90.45 92.30 88.13 90.13 87.10 90.48 88.52 90.49 89.30 93.71 92.18 89.18 90.61 89.94 91.89 91.42 89.57 91.96 88.39 87.27 89.75 89.29 86.78 89.85 48.55 48.39 51.23 49.60 51.67 53.77 51.46 61.02 10 Servicios 79.73 80.78 76.47 74.42 76.03 76.17 81.89 80.87 68.98 73.72 60.67 73.91 72.41 75.73 75.74 81.35 95.00 87.98 89.34 79.39 87.39 82.41 92.74 90.88 88.75 87.90 83.65 81.98 82.68 85.56 85.62 86.65 83.48 87.95 82.15 79.14 81.85 79.44 82.25 75.54 47.79 50.36 40.09 42.14 34.52 34.17 53.36 50.02 99 Sectores desconocidos o no especificados 18.73 17.60 15.36 14.53 11.31 14.35 12.76 17.90 36.14 28.63 30.40 46.48 32.98 37.80 21.95 58.08 65.19 48.12 74.83 60.62 27.78 57.44 58.30 62.79 44.83 58.90 55.26 46.59 56.68 58.92 47.11 58.56 50.00 43.07 51.52 42.19 47.96 52.97 52.30 42.97 4.52 4.59 2.80 3.58 2.16 2.75 2.73 3.37 Notes: Los datos de 2006 a 2020 están calculados según la base poblacional 2011. Desde 2021 se utiliza la base 2021 Source: National Statistics Institute