Economically Active Population Survey National results Inactive population who have worked previously and left their last job more than 1 year ago by professional situation in last job, sex and age group. Absolute values Units: Thousands Persons Total From 16 to 24 years From 25 to 34 years (current quarter) From 35 to 44 years From 45 to 54 years 55 and more years 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 Both sexes Total 10,786.8 10,668.8 10,635.6 10,990.2 10,728.0 10,650.7 10,600.5 10,434.0 10,347.1 10,416.4 10,244.5 10,138.1 10,054.3 10,017.8 9,887.2 9,876.8 9,818.5 9,838.1 180.7 148.4 207.1 187.1 134.2 130.7 112.5 133.1 129.7 162.0 182.6 195.8 225.3 257.1 228.3 207.1 180.8 173.5 218.7 261.9 278.3 247.1 230.0 257.6 248.8 250.5 260.2 269.3 325.7 285.3 342.5 360.3 324.8 359.4 377.6 424.5 392.3 410.5 428.1 455.9 399.8 452.1 461.7 465.7 511.5 522.3 521.9 537.1 578.5 612.0 617.8 679.3 705.1 764.5 720.1 720.6 752.3 784.1 780.9 819.5 857.9 814.9 812.8 854.6 849.7 858.0 889.4 873.0 926.7 948.1 974.0 1,005.9 9,275.0 9,127.4 8,969.8 9,316.0 9,183.2 8,990.9 8,919.7 8,769.8 8,632.8 8,608.2 8,364.6 8,261.8 8,018.6 7,915.4 7,789.6 7,682.9 7,581.1 7,469.8 Self-employed worker 144.3 174.0 204.4 173.0 160.4 159.2 165.9 157.4 160.3 169.7 170.5 181.3 187.1 179.8 148.8 164.6 161.0 150.8 3.0 2.6 2.3 3.0 5.2 2.4 2.7 3.9 4.2 5.8 1.8 4.1 3.9 4.8 3.5 5.8 4.0 2.5 3.5 8.0 8.8 1.8 8.1 2.9 3.5 3.7 4.2 6.4 5.4 6.6 11.1 5.4 4.0 6.8 6.8 6.3 8.6 11.8 16.7 10.9 11.5 13.7 14.0 7.0 10.7 17.1 11.7 17.1 14.5 11.3 10.9 10.3 8.1 9.6 11.8 13.2 23.9 14.4 13.1 12.7 18.1 22.2 10.6 10.6 13.8 12.1 20.2 16.3 15.3 14.8 15.7 16.9 117.3 138.4 152.8 142.8 122.5 127.6 127.6 120.6 130.6 129.7 137.8 141.5 137.4 142.0 115.1 127.0 126.5 115.5 Wage-earners: total 1,129.2 1,155.2 1,314.2 1,222.0 1,033.7 1,008.9 969.6 943.1 1,036.3 1,086.9 1,106.7 1,108.1 1,188.1 1,261.5 1,148.5 1,102.7 1,047.6 987.3 132.6 112.0 179.6 162.7 109.5 104.2 91.8 97.3 102.4 112.4 131.7 137.7 173.6 208.0 187.9 169.4 144.1 128.4 100.7 134.9 156.0 129.6 108.9 119.4 103.4 101.1 107.9 121.9 142.2 113.5 163.9 190.2 167.2 179.5 169.0 178.0 97.7 115.6 145.8 126.5 83.0 93.2 95.9 99.0 119.1 132.7 136.7 121.9 138.2 167.1 149.8 137.7 157.6 154.5 113.2 116.1 147.3 134.5 103.3 110.7 122.3 104.2 117.2 114.6 125.7 124.9 129.3 152.4 143.7 135.1 131.9 136.3 685.0 676.6 685.5 668.7 629.1 581.4 556.3 541.4 589.8 605.4 570.2 610.1 583.1 543.8 499.9 480.9 445.0 390.1 Public sector wage earner 258.0 255.1 252.7 256.4 218.9 209.5 188.3 163.0 191.2 199.2 180.8 190.3 170.3 165.2 147.8 146.9 140.8 147.6 4.5 9.3 7.1 12.9 5.8 6.1 5.2 5.4 4.5 4.1 6.2 9.9 10.9 8.4 6.1 8.1 7.7 10.3 7.1 15.9 10.6 21.1 11.4 9.2 5.9 9.2 9.9 12.5 15.1 13.3 11.7 12.9 12.7 12.2 10.0 13.7 13.8 13.5 13.8 11.0 6.4 9.4 9.8 9.0 11.8 15.5 21.1 13.9 16.2 11.5 17.7 11.9 18.0 20.4 17.8 13.6 18.7 16.5 12.7 14.1 19.4 15.6 16.6 23.3 19.4 22.1 18.8 20.8 16.6 17.5 20.6 14.9 214.8 202.8 202.5 194.9 182.6 170.7 148.0 123.7 148.5 143.6 119.1 131.0 112.7 111.6 94.7 97.3 84.5 88.1 Private sector wage earner 871.2 900.2 1,061.5 965.5 814.9 799.3 781.3 780.0 845.1 887.7 925.8 917.9 1,017.8 1,096.2 1,000.8 955.7 906.8 839.7 128.1 102.7 172.4 149.8 103.7 98.1 86.5 91.9 97.9 108.2 125.5 127.8 162.7 199.6 181.8 161.3 136.5 118.1 93.6 119.1 145.4 108.4 97.5 110.2 97.5 91.9 98.0 109.3 127.2 100.3 152.2 177.3 154.5 167.3 159.0 164.3 83.9 102.1 132.0 115.5 76.5 83.8 86.1 90.1 107.3 117.2 115.6 108.0 122.1 155.6 132.2 125.8 139.6 134.1 95.3 102.5 128.7 118.0 90.7 96.6 102.9 88.6 100.6 91.2 106.4 102.8 110.5 131.6 127.0 117.6 111.2 121.4 470.3 473.8 483.1 473.8 446.5 410.7 408.3 417.7 441.4 461.7 451.1 479.0 470.4 432.2 405.2 383.6 360.5 301.9 Wage earners 3.8 0.6 4.4 4.3 1.9 1.7 1.3 2.6 1.4 4.0 0.8 1.0 3.2 1.3 2.2 3.3 2.1 3.1 1.9 .. .. 1.1 .. .. .. .. 0.2 .. .. 1.0 0.2 .. 0.3 3.3 0.9 .. 1.5 .. .. 0.2 0.7 0.7 .. .. .. 0.3 0.3 .. 0.6 .. 0.1 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. 2.6 0.7 .. 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.8 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. 3.9 .. 0.2 0.3 .. .. 0.2 1.5 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. .. 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.9 2.6 1.0 2.1 0.4 .. 2.4 0.2 1.8 .. 1.2 2.2 They have left their last job 3 or more years ago 9,509.5 9,339.0 9,112.6 9,591.0 9,532.0 9,481.0 9,463.7 9,331.0 9,149.1 9,155.9 8,966.6 8,847.6 8,675.9 8,575.1 8,587.7 8,606.3 8,607.8 8,696.8 43.2 33.9 25.2 20.3 19.5 24.1 18.0 31.9 22.9 43.8 49.1 53.1 47.6 44.3 36.6 28.7 31.8 42.6 113.0 118.9 113.5 115.5 112.2 134.7 141.9 145.7 148.2 140.7 177.7 165.2 166.8 164.7 153.5 173.1 201.8 240.2 285.7 283.0 265.6 316.0 304.6 345.2 351.3 359.7 381.8 372.5 373.5 398.1 425.8 432.7 457.1 531.3 539.5 600.0 595.1 591.2 577.2 635.1 664.3 695.8 717.5 688.5 684.9 727.9 710.1 721.0 739.9 704.0 767.7 798.2 826.4 852.1 8,472.5 8,311.9 8,131.1 8,504.1 8,431.3 8,281.2 8,235.0 8,105.2 7,911.3 7,871.0 7,656.1 7,510.3 7,295.8 7,229.4 7,172.9 7,075.0 7,008.3 6,962.0 Males Total 4,982.3 4,893.0 4,899.8 5,021.2 4,931.6 4,910.8 4,859.5 4,838.8 4,748.8 4,754.3 4,703.0 4,598.4 4,519.0 4,445.9 4,279.8 4,183.1 4,105.2 4,082.3 96.3 69.3 106.0 89.5 62.3 63.2 48.7 60.9 63.3 76.2 97.3 107.5 108.8 121.2 104.2 97.7 79.2 84.7 78.4 91.4 103.7 85.1 69.5 85.5 84.1 81.9 85.8 83.1 114.4 87.8 107.3 109.8 85.6 81.0 73.9 93.1 103.5 118.0 132.8 134.0 111.6 104.0 119.8 125.0 123.0 130.6 133.7 121.3 114.9 118.8 118.4 114.6 107.6 118.2 243.1 223.4 236.2 239.1 246.0 269.3 246.1 250.1 243.0 254.1 250.2 253.7 242.0 232.2 230.7 209.8 204.5 201.5 4,460.9 4,390.8 4,321.0 4,473.5 4,442.3 4,388.8 4,360.8 4,320.9 4,233.7 4,210.2 4,107.4 4,028.3 3,946.1 3,863.8 3,741.0 3,679.9 3,640.0 3,584.8 Self-employed worker 82.0 103.4 116.1 90.1 85.6 87.8 95.6 90.5 96.3 99.9 96.5 111.6 110.2 109.7 79.5 84.7 87.1 87.7 1.5 0.6 1.8 1.3 3.0 1.7 2.7 1.4 1.6 2.4 1.2 2.8 3.3 3.0 2.5 3.9 2.6 2.1 .. 1.0 4.6 1.5 2.5 1.1 0.3 0.4 1.5 1.8 2.1 3.8 2.2 1.8 0.5 1.1 1.0 1.5 2.0 6.2 6.8 2.9 2.7 5.2 4.5 1.5 4.6 3.5 4.0 8.9 4.0 3.3 4.0 2.4 1.6 1.5 8.8 5.9 10.0 4.4 5.2 7.0 7.5 8.6 5.4 4.5 7.0 4.4 9.1 6.3 6.2 4.6 4.0 5.6 69.7 89.7 92.7 80.0 72.3 72.7 80.5 78.6 83.1 87.7 82.1 91.7 91.6 95.2 66.3 72.8 78.0 77.1 Wage-earners: total 530.9 503.2 588.6 552.1 469.2 462.9 442.2 447.1 488.5 511.0 550.3 573.0 585.8 569.4 527.4 504.6 451.6 444.3 73.1 51.2 91.9 79.7 51.5 54.3 39.5 42.0 48.7 53.8 69.2 76.8 79.0 94.6 86.2 79.9 64.5 66.6 39.2 49.3 54.5 44.3 30.4 30.5 27.3 29.6 35.6 37.0 49.6 40.3 57.0 60.9 49.0 47.5 31.6 50.4 28.1 30.4 49.4 36.3 18.1 23.4 26.7 23.6 37.2 35.6 35.2 35.8 35.9 38.2 31.5 40.6 33.6 33.3 36.9 35.6 58.9 44.9 38.9 37.4 44.3 39.7 40.3 45.4 42.4 47.8 39.1 54.5 47.5 47.4 42.6 42.0 353.5 336.6 333.9 346.9 330.2 317.3 304.4 312.2 326.7 339.1 353.9 372.4 374.9 321.2 313.2 289.2 279.3 252.0 Public sector wage earner 108.9 109.0 113.9 118.1 92.8 100.6 85.8 78.0 76.8 85.1 86.7 96.9 84.1 81.4 75.6 74.4 70.8 67.3 2.2 2.3 2.5 6.9 4.2 4.1 2.0 0.8 1.9 2.3 3.9 8.2 6.8 4.0 3.8 2.7 2.6 3.8 0.4 6.2 3.2 11.9 3.1 3.7 1.8 3.1 5.4 2.5 9.0 4.4 2.7 4.8 5.2 2.9 3.3 3.6 5.5 0.3 4.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.5 2.1 4.0 5.0 4.3 3.5 3.8 1.2 3.6 3.7 2.1 2.9 5.2 2.6 6.0 3.8 2.4 5.2 8.1 6.1 5.0 7.2 4.6 9.0 3.6 7.4 4.9 6.9 9.6 4.3 95.6 97.7 97.4 93.7 81.4 85.9 71.4 65.9 60.6 68.1 65.0 71.8 67.2 64.0 58.0 58.2 53.1 52.6 Private sector wage earner 422.0 394.2 474.7 434.0 376.4 362.3 356.4 369.1 411.7 425.9 463.6 476.1 501.7 488.0 451.9 430.2 380.7 376.9 70.9 48.9 89.4 72.8 47.3 50.2 37.5 41.2 46.9 51.5 65.3 68.6 72.2 90.5 82.3 77.2 61.8 62.8 38.8 43.2 51.2 32.4 27.3 26.7 25.5 26.5 30.3 34.4 40.5 35.9 54.3 56.1 43.8 44.6 28.3 46.8 22.6 30.1 44.6 34.6 16.5 21.7 24.2 21.5 33.2 30.6 30.9 32.3 32.1 37.0 27.9 36.9 31.5 30.3 31.7 33.0 52.9 41.0 36.5 32.1 36.2 33.6 35.3 38.3 37.9 38.8 35.5 47.1 42.6 40.5 33.0 37.7 258.0 239.0 236.5 253.2 248.8 231.5 233.1 246.3 266.1 271.0 288.9 300.6 307.7 257.2 255.2 231.0 226.2 199.4 Wage earners 1.3 0.6 3.9 2.6 1.5 1.1 0.5 0.9 0.3 1.5 0.4 .. 0.8 0.2 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.9 1.1 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.2 0.9 .. .. .. .. .. 0.4 0.7 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. 0.6 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 2.6 0.7 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 3.9 .. .. .. .. .. 0.2 .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.2 0.6 .. .. 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.9 0.1 1.2 0.4 .. 0.1 0.2 1.8 .. 1.0 1.9 They have left their last job 3 or more years ago 4,368.1 4,285.9 4,191.2 4,376.4 4,375.3 4,359.1 4,321.2 4,300.3 4,163.7 4,141.9 4,055.8 3,913.8 3,822.3 3,766.6 3,671.1 3,591.5 3,564.6 3,548.4 20.5 17.5 12.3 8.6 7.8 7.2 6.5 17.5 13.0 20.0 27.0 27.9 26.6 23.7 15.4 11.7 11.3 16.0 39.2 41.1 44.6 39.3 36.2 53.2 56.5 51.9 48.7 44.0 62.6 43.6 47.5 47.0 36.0 32.5 41.4 41.2 73.3 81.4 76.6 92.1 90.0 75.4 88.5 99.9 81.2 91.5 94.5 76.6 75.0 77.3 82.8 71.6 72.4 83.5 197.4 181.9 163.3 189.8 201.8 224.9 194.3 201.8 197.1 204.2 200.7 201.4 193.7 171.4 177.0 157.8 157.9 153.9 4,037.6 3,963.9 3,894.4 4,046.5 4,039.5 3,998.4 3,975.4 3,929.2 3,823.7 3,782.2 3,670.9 3,564.2 3,479.4 3,447.3 3,359.8 3,317.9 3,281.6 3,253.7 Females Total 5,804.6 5,775.8 5,735.8 5,969.0 5,796.4 5,739.9 5,741.0 5,595.2 5,598.3 5,662.1 5,541.5 5,539.6 5,535.3 5,571.9 5,607.4 5,693.8 5,713.3 5,755.8 84.5 79.2 101.1 97.6 71.9 67.4 63.7 72.2 66.4 85.8 85.3 88.3 116.5 135.8 124.1 109.4 101.6 88.8 140.2 170.4 174.6 162.0 160.5 172.1 164.8 168.6 174.4 186.2 211.3 197.6 235.2 250.6 239.2 278.4 303.6 331.4 288.8 292.4 295.2 322.0 288.2 348.1 341.9 340.7 388.5 391.7 388.2 415.8 463.7 493.2 499.4 564.8 597.5 646.3 477.0 497.1 516.2 545.0 535.0 550.2 611.7 564.8 569.8 600.5 599.5 604.3 647.4 640.8 695.9 738.3 769.5 804.4 4,814.1 4,736.7 4,648.8 4,842.5 4,740.9 4,602.1 4,558.9 4,448.9 4,399.2 4,398.0 4,257.2 4,233.6 4,072.6 4,051.6 4,048.6 4,002.9 3,941.1 3,885.0 Self-employed worker 62.3 70.6 88.3 82.9 74.8 71.4 70.2 66.9 64.0 69.8 74.0 69.7 76.9 70.2 69.3 79.9 73.8 63.1 1.5 2.0 0.5 1.7 2.2 0.7 .. 2.5 2.7 3.4 0.6 1.3 0.6 1.8 1.0 1.8 1.4 0.4 3.5 7.0 4.1 0.3 5.7 1.7 3.2 3.4 2.6 4.6 3.3 2.8 8.9 3.6 3.5 5.7 5.8 4.7 6.6 5.7 9.9 8.0 8.8 8.4 9.5 5.5 6.1 13.6 7.7 8.2 10.5 8.0 6.9 8.0 6.5 8.2 3.1 7.3 13.8 10.1 7.9 5.7 10.6 13.6 5.1 6.2 6.8 7.7 11.1 10.0 9.1 10.2 11.7 11.3 47.6 48.6 60.0 62.8 50.2 54.9 47.0 42.0 47.5 42.0 55.7 49.9 45.7 46.8 48.8 54.2 48.5 38.4 Wage-earners: total 598.2 652.1 725.6 669.9 564.5 546.0 527.4 495.9 547.8 575.9 556.3 535.1 602.3 692.1 621.1 598.1 596.1 543.1 59.4 60.8 87.7 83.0 57.9 49.9 52.3 55.3 53.6 58.6 62.5 61.0 94.6 113.4 101.8 89.5 79.7 61.8 61.5 85.6 101.5 85.3 78.5 89.0 76.1 71.5 72.2 84.9 92.7 73.2 107.0 129.3 118.1 132.0 137.4 127.6 69.6 85.2 96.4 90.1 64.8 69.8 69.2 75.4 81.9 97.1 101.5 86.1 102.3 128.9 118.3 97.1 124.0 121.3 76.3 80.6 88.4 89.7 64.4 73.3 78.0 64.5 76.9 69.1 83.3 77.1 90.2 97.9 96.1 87.7 89.2 94.3 331.5 339.9 351.6 321.8 298.9 264.1 251.8 229.2 263.1 266.2 216.3 237.7 208.2 222.6 186.7 191.7 165.7 138.1 Public sector wage earner 149.1 146.1 138.8 138.4 126.1 108.9 102.5 85.0 114.4 114.1 94.1 93.4 86.2 83.8 72.2 72.6 70.0 80.3 2.3 7.0 4.6 6.1 1.5 2.0 3.2 4.7 2.6 1.9 2.3 1.7 4.1 4.3 2.3 5.4 5.1 6.5 6.7 9.7 7.4 9.3 8.3 5.5 4.1 6.1 4.5 10.0 6.0 8.9 9.0 8.1 7.5 9.3 6.7 10.1 8.3 13.2 9.0 9.2 4.8 7.7 7.3 6.8 7.8 10.5 16.8 10.4 12.4 10.3 14.1 8.2 15.9 17.5 12.6 11.0 12.6 12.7 10.2 8.9 11.3 9.5 11.6 16.1 14.8 13.1 15.2 13.4 11.7 10.6 11.0 10.6 119.2 105.2 105.1 101.1 101.2 84.8 76.6 57.8 87.9 75.5 54.1 59.2 45.5 47.6 36.7 39.1 31.4 35.5 Private sector wage earner 449.1 506.0 586.8 531.5 438.5 437.1 424.9 410.9 433.4 461.8 462.2 441.7 516.1 608.3 548.9 525.5 526.1 462.8 57.2 53.8 83.1 77.0 56.4 47.9 49.1 50.6 51.1 56.7 60.2 59.2 90.5 109.1 99.5 84.1 74.6 55.3 54.8 75.9 94.1 76.0 70.2 83.5 72.0 65.4 67.7 74.9 86.6 64.4 97.9 121.2 110.7 122.7 130.8 117.5 61.3 72.0 87.3 80.9 60.0 62.0 61.9 68.6 74.1 86.6 84.7 75.7 90.0 118.6 104.2 88.9 108.1 103.8 63.6 69.5 75.8 77.0 54.2 64.4 66.6 54.9 65.3 53.0 68.5 63.9 75.0 84.4 84.4 77.2 78.2 83.7 212.3 234.8 246.5 220.6 197.7 179.2 175.2 171.4 175.3 190.7 162.2 178.5 162.7 175.0 150.1 152.6 134.3 102.5 Wage earners 2.5 .. 0.4 1.7 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.7 1.1 2.4 0.3 1.0 2.4 1.1 0.4 1.1 0.2 1.2 0.8 .. .. 1.1 .. .. .. .. 0.2 .. .. 1.0 0.2 .. 0.3 1.1 .. .. 1.5 .. .. 0.2 0.2 .. .. .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. .. 0.1 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. .. .. .. 0.4 .. .. .. .. .. .. 0.8 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. .. .. 0.2 0.3 .. .. .. 1.5 .. .. .. 0.3 .. .. .. 0.7 .. .. 0.4 0.3 .. 0.3 0.4 1.7 0.9 0.9 .. .. 2.2 .. .. .. 0.2 0.2 They have left their last job 3 or more years ago 5,141.5 5,053.1 4,921.5 5,214.6 5,156.7 5,121.9 5,142.5 5,030.7 4,985.4 5,014.0 4,910.8 4,933.8 4,853.7 4,808.5 4,916.7 5,014.7 5,043.2 5,148.4 22.7 16.4 12.9 11.7 11.8 16.9 11.5 14.4 9.9 23.8 22.1 25.2 21.0 20.6 21.1 17.0 20.5 26.5 73.7 77.8 68.9 76.2 76.0 81.4 85.4 93.8 99.6 96.7 115.1 121.6 119.2 117.7 117.5 140.6 160.4 199.0 212.4 201.6 189.0 223.8 214.6 269.9 262.8 259.8 300.5 281.0 279.0 321.5 350.8 355.4 374.3 459.7 467.0 516.5 397.6 409.3 413.9 445.2 462.5 470.9 523.2 486.7 487.8 523.7 509.4 519.6 546.2 532.6 590.7 640.4 668.6 698.1 4,435.0 4,348.1 4,236.7 4,457.6 4,391.8 4,282.8 4,259.6 4,176.0 4,087.6 4,088.8 3,985.2 3,946.0 3,816.4 3,782.2 3,813.0 3,757.0 3,726.7 3,708.3 Notes: Los datos de 2006 a 2020 están calculados según la base poblacional 2011. Desde 2021 se utiliza la base 2021 Source: National Statistics Institute