Economically Active Population Survey
National results
Unemployed population who have previously worked and left their last job more than 1 year ago by professional situation in last job, sex and age group. Percentages with regards the total in each age g
Units: %
,Total,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,From 16 to 24 years,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,From 25 to 34 years (current quarter),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,From 35 to 44 years,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,From 45 to 54 years,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,55 and more years,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,2023,2022,2021,2020,2019,2018,2017,2016,2015,2014,2013,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008,2007,2006,
Both sexes,
                Total,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,
                Self-employed worker,2.0,3.2,3.7,2.5,2.3,2.3,2.5,3.0,2.5,2.5,2.4,2.5,2.4,2.5,3.3,3.4,1.8,2.6,4.7,2.0,0.8,1.0,..,2.5,0.4,2.1,2.0,0.4,1.0,1.1,1.3,0.3,0.7,1.3,..,0.4,1.0,1.5,2.9,1.9,1.8,1.9,0.9,1.7,1.8,1.9,1.6,2.3,1.2,2.1,4.5,3.6,0.9,2.9,4.6,3.3,5.1,3.7,2.6,2.9,3.5,2.8,2.5,2.5,2.7,2.4,3.2,2.3,4.1,4.8,2.0,3.4,0.7,3.5,3.6,1.7,2.1,2.3,2.5,4.3,2.6,3.6,2.5,2.7,2.8,4.7,2.8,3.5,2.0,3.8,1.5,4.1,3.8,2.9,2.9,1.9,3.2,3.1,3.4,2.5,3.9,4.0,3.3,2.8,2.8,1.4,3.8,0.2,
                Wage-earners: total,45.9,46.5,55.7,49.2,41.5,40.4,38.1,36.8,40.2,47.0,53.6,56.7,65.5,70.5,67.6,55.8,53.5,50.9,81.4,81.1,88.6,86.4,80.4,85.0,86.4,77.9,69.2,70.8,70.2,70.8,77.7,83.5,90.7,85.4,82.3,75.9,60.5,63.8,70.5,63.3,52.8,55.6,48.9,46.5,44.8,53.0,57.2,64.3,72.2,78.5,73.3,71.0,68.4,66.5,45.0,46.4,54.2,54.3,45.4,43.3,40.1,36.7,44.6,47.6,55.9,55.7,64.7,70.5,63.8,46.9,46.3,47.1,41.4,44.5,53.5,36.9,34.2,31.7,31.6,32.7,34.9,41.1,49.6,52.0,59.8,59.7,58.5,43.9,43.9,34.5,37.0,32.2,38.5,37.7,31.4,27.7,26.3,24.3,26.6,36.7,38.8,41.8,51.4,55.8,50.3,43.4,35.9,32.4,
                Public sector wage earner,5.0,5.8,5.7,6.7,5.4,5.4,4.9,5.0,3.4,5.1,5.8,5.7,4.6,4.3,3.8,3.9,5.3,4.5,2.4,3.3,5.3,6.5,6.2,5.6,8.5,7.1,4.6,3.4,7.3,6.5,4.6,3.4,3.4,1.4,1.0,3.0,5.9,8.7,4.5,5.0,6.3,6.8,4.6,4.7,3.8,5.4,6.3,5.5,5.4,4.4,2.7,4.5,7.1,5.9,5.0,3.6,4.7,7.6,4.6,5.4,4.0,5.7,3.2,4.7,4.8,5.6,3.1,4.2,2.7,4.1,5.7,4.9,3.7,6.8,5.0,6.8,4.2,4.0,5.7,5.2,3.7,6.1,7.3,6.4,5.4,5.2,6.9,4.3,5.8,4.8,6.2,5.2,8.8,6.9,6.9,6.2,4.2,3.8,2.6,4.3,3.3,4.3,4.5,4.1,3.9,3.3,2.9,2.1,
                Private sector wage earner,40.9,40.7,49.9,42.5,36.1,35.0,33.3,31.8,36.8,42.0,47.8,51.0,60.9,66.2,63.8,52.0,48.2,46.3,79.1,77.8,83.3,79.9,74.2,79.5,77.9,70.8,64.6,67.4,62.9,64.3,73.1,80.1,87.4,84.1,81.3,73.0,54.6,55.1,66.0,58.3,46.5,48.9,44.3,41.8,41.1,47.7,50.9,58.8,66.7,74.1,70.5,66.4,61.3,60.7,39.9,42.9,49.5,46.7,40.8,37.9,36.1,31.0,41.5,43.0,51.1,50.1,61.6,66.3,61.1,42.8,40.5,42.2,37.7,37.7,48.5,30.0,29.9,27.6,25.9,27.5,31.1,35.0,42.3,45.6,54.4,54.5,51.6,39.6,38.0,29.7,30.8,27.0,29.7,30.9,24.5,21.5,22.1,20.5,23.9,32.4,35.5,37.5,46.9,51.7,46.4,40.1,32.9,30.2,
                Wage earners,0.3,0.1,..,0.1,0.0,0.1,..,0.0,0.0,0.1,0.2,..,0.0,..,0.0,0.1,0.2,0.1,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.8,0.3,0.5,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.5,0.3,..,0.3,0.2,0.3,..,..,..,..,0.7,..,0.1,..,..,..,0.6,0.2,..,0.4,..,0.3,..,0.2,..,..,..,0.4,0.0,..,..,..,..,0.3,..,..,0.2,0.0,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.0,..,..,..,..,..,0.2,..,..,..,0.6,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.0,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
                They have left their last job 3 or more years ago,51.8,50.1,40.7,48.2,56.2,57.3,59.3,60.1,57.3,50.3,43.8,40.8,32.1,26.9,29.1,40.7,44.6,46.5,13.9,16.9,10.6,12.6,19.6,12.5,13.2,19.1,28.4,28.3,28.8,28.1,21.0,16.2,8.5,13.2,17.7,23.7,38.1,34.4,26.6,34.5,45.2,42.1,50.2,51.9,53.3,45.1,40.5,33.4,26.5,19.5,22.2,25.4,30.1,30.3,50.4,49.8,40.8,41.7,52.0,53.6,56.4,60.5,52.9,49.5,41.3,41.9,32.2,27.2,32.1,48.0,51.7,49.4,57.8,52.0,42.9,61.4,63.7,66.1,65.9,63.0,62.4,55.3,47.9,45.3,37.3,35.6,38.6,52.5,54.2,61.6,60.9,63.7,57.8,59.4,65.7,70.4,70.5,72.6,70.0,60.8,57.3,54.2,45.3,41.3,47.0,55.2,60.3,67.4,
Males,
                Total,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,
                Self-employed worker,3.8,5.3,4.5,4.0,2.5,2.6,3.4,4.5,3.2,3.0,3.2,3.2,3.2,3.0,4.4,4.3,2.0,3.7,9.9,3.6,1.7,2.0,..,2.8,..,4.1,1.1,0.7,1.0,1.0,0.9,..,1.3,1.1,..,0.9,1.3,2.9,1.6,2.8,1.0,1.4,1.7,2.4,2.5,2.6,1.7,2.9,2.0,2.8,5.7,6.2,0.6,4.8,10.7,3.9,6.8,5.9,2.9,2.6,6.0,4.9,3.4,2.3,4.0,2.8,5.1,3.8,4.7,5.2,3.3,4.5,0.2,5.7,5.6,2.8,1.9,3.6,3.2,5.8,3.9,4.8,3.4,3.6,4.2,4.2,5.7,5.1,2.1,7.2,3.0,7.8,4.6,4.6,4.5,1.8,3.4,4.5,3.4,2.6,5.7,5.5,2.9,4.0,3.2,2.2,3.4,0.4,
                Wage-earners: total,49.8,48.9,60.8,50.8,44.8,44.3,40.8,37.9,41.1,49.8,57.7,60.9,72.6,80.6,78.9,69.8,60.6,55.9,81.4,78.4,92.8,85.6,81.8,88.7,87.5,76.0,64.9,66.6,66.8,65.2,76.6,84.1,93.6,86.7,88.5,78.4,69.8,61.0,75.3,67.5,54.1,59.1,52.9,45.4,42.0,53.9,57.8,65.2,76.9,83.6,78.6,78.4,73.2,69.6,42.6,49.8,52.6,51.5,50.4,52.8,37.0,40.6,44.6,52.1,63.4,59.8,74.3,83.5,79.5,70.9,53.2,57.8,48.4,50.0,60.9,41.0,38.3,32.5,37.0,33.8,39.5,44.8,56.0,61.8,69.2,75.7,74.5,57.7,58.6,39.1,38.5,33.8,46.3,37.6,33.2,31.9,29.8,25.4,30.7,40.5,45.3,49.4,62.9,71.3,62.8,55.5,39.5,40.3,
                Public sector wage earner,5.6,6.4,5.8,5.7,5.2,5.0,5.1,4.7,3.3,4.4,5.5,4.3,4.0,3.3,3.4,4.7,3.6,6.1,2.2,..,5.3,4.8,7.8,6.1,12.5,3.3,5.6,3.1,9.0,5.1,5.1,2.8,4.5,2.4,2.5,3.4,7.2,8.1,4.1,2.5,5.5,3.9,5.2,3.9,3.5,6.2,5.9,4.7,4.7,2.9,2.7,7.3,2.0,6.7,5.2,5.7,2.3,5.7,3.9,3.5,2.8,5.6,1.8,3.8,4.3,4.1,1.9,2.3,1.9,5.0,1.8,8.3,3.6,8.2,4.4,6.5,4.1,5.2,6.1,5.3,4.1,4.5,5.9,4.3,4.8,4.1,4.7,4.7,7.5,7.7,7.4,5.6,11.5,7.4,6.4,6.7,4.5,3.9,2.8,3.5,3.7,3.3,3.3,5.2,4.2,2.6,3.4,3.6,
                Private sector wage earner,44.2,42.5,55.1,45.1,39.7,39.3,35.7,33.2,37.8,45.4,52.2,56.6,68.7,77.3,75.5,65.0,57.0,49.8,79.2,78.4,87.5,80.8,74.0,82.6,75.0,72.7,59.2,63.5,57.8,60.0,71.5,81.2,89.0,84.3,86.0,75.1,62.6,52.9,71.2,65.0,48.6,55.1,47.7,41.5,38.5,47.7,51.9,60.5,72.2,80.7,75.9,71.1,71.2,62.9,37.4,44.1,50.4,45.9,46.4,49.2,34.2,34.9,42.8,48.3,59.1,55.7,72.3,81.2,77.5,65.9,51.4,49.5,44.8,41.8,56.5,34.5,34.1,27.3,30.9,28.4,35.4,40.4,50.1,57.5,64.4,71.6,69.7,53.0,51.1,31.4,31.1,28.3,34.7,30.1,26.7,25.2,25.4,21.5,27.9,37.0,41.6,46.1,59.6,66.1,58.6,52.8,36.1,36.6,
                Wage earners,0.4,0.3,..,..,..,0.1,..,..,0.0,0.1,0.3,..,..,..,..,0.3,..,0.2,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.6,0.6,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.4,..,..,..,0.8,..,..,..,..,1.2,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.6,..,1.0,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.4,0.1,..,..,..,..,1.2,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,1.4,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
                They have left their last job 3 or more years ago,46.0,45.5,34.7,45.3,52.6,53.0,55.8,57.6,55.6,47.1,38.8,35.9,24.2,16.4,16.7,25.7,37.4,40.3,8.6,18.0,5.5,12.4,18.2,8.5,12.5,19.8,33.4,32.1,32.2,33.9,22.5,15.9,5.2,12.2,11.5,20.7,28.9,35.7,23.1,29.7,44.9,38.7,45.4,52.1,55.5,43.4,39.3,32.0,21.1,13.6,15.7,15.4,26.2,25.0,46.8,45.3,40.6,42.5,46.7,44.6,57.0,54.6,52.0,45.2,32.6,37.4,20.6,12.7,15.8,22.7,43.6,37.7,51.4,44.3,33.5,56.2,59.8,63.9,59.8,60.5,56.5,50.3,40.6,34.6,26.6,20.1,19.8,37.2,39.3,53.8,57.2,58.4,49.1,57.8,62.3,66.3,66.8,70.2,65.8,56.9,49.0,45.1,34.2,24.7,34.0,42.3,57.1,59.4,
Females,
                Total,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,100.0,
                Self-employed worker,0.7,1.7,3.1,1.4,2.1,2.1,1.8,1.8,1.9,2.0,1.5,1.9,1.5,2.0,2.4,2.8,1.6,1.9,..,..,..,..,..,2.1,0.9,..,3.1,..,0.9,1.4,1.7,0.8,..,1.6,..,..,0.7,0.5,4.0,1.2,2.5,2.3,0.2,1.0,1.3,1.1,1.6,1.7,0.4,1.2,3.3,2.1,1.1,1.9,1.0,3.0,4.0,2.4,2.5,3.0,2.0,1.4,1.8,2.7,1.7,2.0,1.6,1.1,3.7,4.6,1.4,3.0,1.0,2.0,2.4,1.1,2.3,1.2,2.0,3.1,1.5,2.3,1.6,1.8,1.4,5.3,0.7,2.5,1.9,2.3,0.4,1.1,3.1,1.3,1.3,1.9,3.0,1.4,3.3,2.4,1.4,2.4,4.0,1.3,2.3,0.7,4.2,..,
                Wage-earners: total,43.2,44.7,52.0,48.1,39.1,37.3,36.1,35.9,39.4,44.2,49.3,52.1,58.1,59.3,57.8,47.4,49.3,48.0,81.4,84.5,84.9,87.3,78.5,80.9,85.1,79.9,74.2,77.0,74.9,78.4,78.9,82.7,86.9,83.8,78.2,74.3,53.3,65.9,66.7,59.9,51.9,53.3,45.4,47.4,47.2,52.1,56.5,63.2,66.8,72.2,67.6,66.5,65.8,64.9,46.4,44.3,55.1,55.9,42.6,37.5,41.9,34.1,44.7,43.8,49.7,52.0,57.0,58.8,54.0,38.3,43.3,43.0,36.4,40.7,48.8,34.4,31.4,31.0,28.0,31.9,30.6,37.5,43.2,42.0,49.9,44.1,47.1,35.0,35.4,32.4,35.9,30.9,32.2,37.9,29.8,23.9,22.3,23.1,21.3,31.3,29.7,33.1,35.2,36.1,39.5,34.0,32.4,21.2,
                Public sector wage earner,4.6,5.3,5.7,7.4,5.5,5.7,4.7,5.4,3.6,5.8,6.2,7.2,5.3,5.5,4.1,3.4,6.3,3.7,2.5,7.5,5.4,8.4,3.9,5.0,4.0,11.2,3.3,3.9,4.9,8.3,4.0,4.2,1.9,..,..,2.7,4.8,9.1,4.9,7.1,6.8,8.7,4.0,5.4,4.0,4.5,6.8,6.4,6.3,6.2,2.7,2.9,9.8,5.4,4.9,2.2,6.1,8.8,5.0,6.5,4.7,5.7,4.1,5.5,5.2,7.1,4.0,5.8,3.1,3.8,7.5,3.6,3.8,5.9,5.3,7.0,4.3,3.2,5.5,5.1,3.3,7.8,8.7,8.5,6.0,6.3,8.4,4.1,4.9,3.5,5.4,4.8,6.6,6.4,7.4,5.8,3.8,3.8,2.4,5.4,2.7,5.3,6.3,2.7,3.6,3.9,2.4,..,
                Private sector wage earner,38.6,39.4,46.3,40.7,33.6,31.6,31.4,30.5,35.8,38.4,43.1,45.0,52.8,53.8,53.8,44.1,43.1,44.3,78.9,77.0,79.5,78.9,74.6,75.9,81.1,68.7,70.9,73.1,70.0,70.1,74.9,78.5,85.0,83.8,78.2,71.6,48.5,56.8,61.8,52.8,45.0,44.5,41.4,42.0,43.2,47.6,49.7,56.8,60.6,66.0,64.9,63.7,56.0,59.5,41.5,42.1,49.0,47.1,37.6,31.0,37.2,28.4,40.5,38.3,44.5,45.0,53.1,53.0,50.8,34.5,35.7,39.4,32.6,34.8,43.5,27.4,27.1,27.8,22.5,26.8,27.3,29.7,34.5,33.5,43.9,37.8,38.7,30.9,30.5,28.9,30.5,26.0,25.6,31.6,22.4,18.1,18.5,19.3,18.9,25.9,27.0,27.7,28.9,33.4,35.9,30.1,30.0,21.2,
                Wage earners,0.2,0.0,..,0.2,0.0,0.1,..,0.1,0.0,0.1,0.0,..,0.0,..,0.1,..,0.2,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,1.7,..,0.3,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.9,0.2,..,0.5,0.3,..,..,..,..,..,0.1,..,0.2,..,..,..,0.9,..,..,..,..,0.4,..,0.4,..,..,..,0.4,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.3,0.1,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.1,..,..,..,..,..,0.3,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,0.1,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,..,
                They have left their last job 3 or more years ago,55.9,53.6,44.9,50.3,58.8,60.5,62.1,62.3,58.7,53.7,49.2,46.0,40.3,38.6,39.7,49.7,48.8,50.1,18.6,15.5,15.1,12.7,21.5,16.9,14.0,18.3,22.7,22.7,24.2,20.2,19.4,16.6,13.1,14.6,21.8,25.7,45.1,33.4,29.4,38.4,45.4,44.4,54.4,51.6,51.5,46.8,41.8,35.1,32.6,26.6,29.0,31.4,32.2,33.2,52.6,52.7,40.9,41.2,54.9,59.1,56.1,64.6,53.5,53.1,48.6,46.0,41.3,40.1,42.3,57.1,55.3,53.9,62.3,57.3,48.8,64.5,66.4,67.8,69.9,65.1,67.9,60.3,55.3,56.2,48.7,50.6,51.9,62.5,62.7,65.3,63.7,68.1,64.7,60.8,68.9,74.2,74.7,75.4,75.3,66.3,68.8,64.6,60.8,62.6,58.1,65.2,63.5,78.8,
Notes:
Los datos de 2006 a 2020 están calculados según la base poblacional 2011. Desde 2021 se utiliza la base 2021
Source: National Statistics Institute