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The objective of this summary statistic is to build a framework of statistical indicators and data series that can be used to monitor the Goals and Targets of the 2030 Agenda in Spain. The selected data series are based on the global indicator framework established by the United Nations to monitor the compliance with the Sustainable Development Goals.
In accordance with the 2030 Agenda, the monitoring and evaluation processes of the Goals and Targets should be based on existing platforms and processes, avoiding duplication and taking into account national circumstances and priorities. These processes will evolve over time based on emerging issues and the methodological development of the indicators.
The publication has been organised according to the structure set out by the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the United Nations, so that there are 4 categories:
- Goals: the 17 goals defined in the 2030 Agenda.
- Targets: each goal is composed of one or more targets.
- Indicators: at this level, the indicators are presented as defined by the United Nations.
- Subindicators: for each indicator defined by the United Nations, the associated data series that are used to measure and monitor the goals and targets at the national level can be found. The latest available data is presented, with an indication of the reference period, and the data corresponding to the base period. The base period has been set in 2015 since it is the year when the 2030 Agenda was adopted. In the case of not having the data for that year, it was decided (whenever possible) to publish the first available year prior to 2015. It is also indicated the unit of measurement and the source of the data are also available. Furthermore, maps and graphs are displayed with breakdowns of information and detailed results tables, as well as links to the methodology of each statistic used as data source.
Additionally, a progress measurement towards the goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda is presented, based on the sub-indicators mentioned above and published on the National Platform for Dissemination of SDG Indicators of the INE.
Since it is a summary statistic that collects information from various social, economic and environmental areas, the classification systems are those corresponding to the numerous surveys and statistics used as sources of information.
Among others, the following classifications are used: National Classification of Economic Activities 2025 (CNAE 2025), National Classification of Occupations 2011 (CNO-2011), International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 2011, and the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10) of the WHO.
The information provided is organised in 17 goals and 169 targets. The 17 Sustainable Development Goals cover the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection, in addition to the institutional sphere.
Since it is a summary statistic that collects information from different statistics and administrative registers, the statistical unit is the one applicable to each one of them.
Since it is a summary statistic, the statistical population corresponds to the statistics and administrative registers used as sources of information.
Data are provided for the entire national territory. Whenever possible, the breakdown by autonomous community, province, and municipality is provided.
For progress measurement, results are provided for the national territory.
The time frame covered is 2015-present. However, whenever possible, information is provided for most indicators since 2008. In addition, longer time series can be consulted for some indicators in the results of the statistics or registers used as sources.
The base period for the presentation of the information is the year 2015, as it was the year when the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development was adopted.
Since it is a summary statistic, the unit of measurement. The unit of measure is the one corresponding to the statistics and administrative registers used as sources of information: percentage, per thousand, per 100,000 inhabitants, minutes, euros, thousands of tonnes, tonnes per inhabitant, researchers (EJC) per million inhabitants, tonnes, kilograms/inhabitant/year, among others.
Since it is a summary statistic, which collects information from different statistics and administrative registers, the reference periods are those related to the statistical operations that provide the information for the indicators. Most indicators have an annual reference period.
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2025-2028, approved by Royal Decree 1225/2024, of 3 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2025-2028. (Statistics of the State Administration).
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four-year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).
By means of the single additional provision of the Royal Decree by which the 2018 Annual Program of the 2017-2020 National Statistical Plan was approved, the INE was assigned the coordination role in the development of the “2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development of the United Nations Indicators”.
The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies, and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
The dissemination of this statistic is carried out continuously as the results of the statistics and administrative registers used as sources are published.
Most indicators are disseminated on an annual basis with the exception of those from occasional statistical operations or with a frequency higher than one year.
The results of the progress measurement will be disseminated annually.
The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
The publication of the results is done through the national reporting platform for SDG indicators accessible on INE websire. It is continuously updated as the results of the statistics used as source for the indicators are disseminated:
INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.
Since it is a summary statistic, it collects information from different surveys and statistics. For each indicator, we provide links to the statistical operations from which they are obtained, so that microdata can be downloaded, if available.
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A methodological description is provided through the following link:
Since it is a summary statistic, the quality reports of the indicators are those available for the operations from which they are derived.
This standardized methodological report contains, in fields 10.6 to 17, the elements of what constitutes the "User-oriented quality report" for this statistic.
Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
For each indicator, data on the quality of the different sources of information used are available. Indicators from the European set of sustainable development indicators have also been incorporated.
The units responsible for the different sources of information used for each indicator are in charge of validating the information before its publication and selecting which tables are shown in detailed results.
Some of the indicators used were already being published and in other cases correspond to a customised request made to the unit responsible for the base information. All statistical operations used for the indicators meet the quality criteria of the official statistics.
Regarding sub-indicators from administrative registers, internationally agreed methodologies within the UN system have been followed.
The publication is continuously being updated as the results of the statistics that serve as source of information are disseminated.
This statistic compiles available statistical information relating to the global indicators of the United Nations Framework and part of the European set of indicators on sustainable development. This is a high quality product as all data provided comes from statistics that comply with the Code of Practice and have been favourably assessed by the High Council on Statistics. For more information, the corresponding section on quality of the methodological files of the statistics used as a source can be consulted on the INE website.
Regarding sub-indicators from administrative registers, internationally agreed methodologies within the UN system have been followed.
Given its high relevance at the national and international level, there is a strong demand for this information from different types of users, such as institutional users, universities, non-governmental organizations, and the general public.
In the first phase, the sub-indicators developed by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE) were disseminated. In the second phase, those produced by other statistical services of the central government and its dependent entities were incorporated. In the third phase, sub-indicators obtained from administrative sources of various ministerial departments were added. Finally, new data sources, primarily earth observations, are being incorporated to develop some indicators. In addition to global indicators, some indicators from the European Statistical System and the National Sustainable Development Strategy have been added.
The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...
On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click next link)
The set of indicators is based on the global indicators framework established by the United Nations to monitor compliance with the Sustainable Development Goals.
The global indicator framework of the United Nations consists of 231 indicators. These indicators are classified into three tiers, according to their methodological development and data availability:
a) Tier I: Methodology and standards are available and data are produced regularly by countries.
b) Tier II: Methodology and standards are available, but data are not regularly produced by countries.
c) Tier III: no established methodology or standards are available yet.
Since the year 2020, all the indicators from the global framework have been classified as Tier I or II. As of the 10th of April 2025: 161 indicators in Tier I, 60 indicators in Tier II, 8 in multiple Tiers (different components are classified into different tiers), and 5 are pending availability review. Up-to-date classifications can be consulted at: https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/iaeg-sdgs/tier-classification/.
In the first phase, the sub-indicators developed by the Spanish National Statistics Institute (INE) were disseminated. In the second phase, those produced by other statistical services of the central government and its dependent entities were incorporated. In the third phase, sub-indicators obtained from administrative sources of various ministerial departments were added. Finally, new data sources, primarily earth observations, are beginning to be used to develop some indicators. In addition to global indicators, some indicators from the European Statistical System and the National Sustainable Development Strategy have been added.
Since it is a summary statistic, the information on accuracy and reliability related to the statistics used as a source for the indicators. For more information, the corresponding section of the methodological files of the statistics involved can be consulted on the INE website.
Since it is a summary statistic, the sampling errors are those related to the statistics from which the information for the indicators is collected. For more information, the corresponding section of the methodological files of the statistics involved can be consulted on the INE website.
Since it is a summary statistic, non-sampling errors are those related to the statistics from which the information for the indicators is collected. For more information, the corresponding section of the methodological files of the statistics involved can be consulted on the INE website.
The update of the data is made indicator by indicator, as the publication of the corresponding sources of information are released.
For more information, the corresponding section of the methodological files of the statistics involved can be consulted on the INE website.
All indicators are disseminated at the national level and, when possible, by Autonomous Communities, Provinces, and municipalities. Regarding the progress measurement, information is provided at the national level.
The comparability over time should be analysed indicator by indicator, according to its statistical operation of origin. In general they are comparable over time.
It provides information on possible differences between the results of the statistical operation or record in question and other related results.
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Cost: The estimated budget appropriations for 2024 were €186,250 in the INE budget, €66,610 in the MINT budget, €11,390 in the MEFD budget, €81,310 in the MAPA budget, €10,000 in the MPJC budget, and €18,640 in the MSND budget.
For 2025, the estimated budget allocations for its financing are €143,750 in the INE budget, €10,200 in the MPJC budget, €76,120 in the MINT budget, €12,130 in the MEFD budget, €81,310 in the MAPA budget, and €23,150 in the MSND budget.
Load: As this is a summary statistic, there is no burden on the respondent, since all the information has been previously collected by the statistical and administrative records used as sources.
The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).
This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow: routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.
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Since it is a summary statistic, the data revision follows the same practice as the statistics that are used as a source for each indicator.
Since this is a summary statistic, it collects information from different statistics and administrative records.
In the first phase, sub-indicators from INE statistics were identified. in particular, statistics used as inputs are: Labour Force Survey (LFS) (IOE Code: 30308), Survey on Income and Living Conditions (IOE Code: 30453), Statistics on Waste Collection and Treatment (IOE Code: 30079), Statistics on Deaths by Cause of Death (IOE Code: 30417), Annual National Accounts of Spain: Main Aggregates (IOE Code: 30029), Annual National Accounts of Spain: Aggregates by Branch of Activity (IOE Code: 30030), Quarterly National Accounts of Spain: Main Aggregates (CNTR) (IOE Code: 30024), Quarterly Non-Financial Accounts of Institutional Sectors (IOE Code: 30026), Air Emissions Accounts (IOE Code: 30084), Survey on Equipment and Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Households (IOE Code: 30450), Material Flow Accounts (IOE Code: 30086), Survey on the Structure of Agricultural Holdings (IOE Code: 30044), Survey on Adult Participation in Learning Activities (IOE Code: 30459), Household Budget Survey. 2006 Base (IOE Code: 30458), Consumer Price Index (CPI) (IOE Code: 30138), Annual Population Census (IOE Code: 30281), Survey of Essential Characteristics of Population and Housing (IOE Code: 30280), Tourism Satellite Account of Spain (IOE Code: 30027), Time Use Survey (IOE Code: 30447), Spanish National Health Survey (IOE Code: 30473), Environmental Goods and Services Accounts (IOE Code: 30089), R&D Activities Statistics (IOE Code: 30058), Statistics on Registered Health Professionals (IOE Code: 30416), Vital Statistics: Births (IOE Code: 30304), Fertility Survey (IOE Code: 30317), Vital Statistics: Marriages (IOE Code: 30302), Environmental Tax Accounts (IOE Code: 30085), Annual Structure of Earnings Survey (IOE Code: 30189), Statistics on Earnings of Persons with Disabilities (IOE Code: 30331), Employment of Persons with Disabilities (IOE Code: 30320), High-Technology Indicators (IOE Code: 30197), and Structural Business Statistics: Industrial Sector (IOE Code: 30048).
In a second phase, Statistics from ministerial departments and the Bank of Spain were incorporated as information sources: Security Statistics: Police Actions (IOE Code: 68001), Official Development Assistance (ODA) and Other Official Flows to Sustainable Development (AOTDS/TOSSD) of Spain (IOE Code: 85004), Central Personnel Register. Statistical Bulletin of Staff Serving the Public Administrations (IOE Code: 80024), Protected Natural Areas and Areas of Interest (IOE Code: 23031), Statistics on the Settlement of the Budget of the State and its Public Bodies, Companies and Foundations (IOE Code: 31125), Wild Species Diversity Statistics (IOE Code: 23033), Notifiable Diseases Statistics (IOE Code: 54063), Macro-Survey on Violence Against Women (IOE Code: 65007), Non-University Education Statistics (Centres, Enrolment, Graduates and Staff) (IOE Code: 41001), Statistics on Occupational Accidents (IOE Code: 58012), Statistics on Information and Communication Technologies in Non-University Educational Centres (IOE Code: 41022), Balance of Payments, International Trade in Services and Foreign Direct Investment, International Investment Position, External Debt, and International Reserves and Foreign Currency Liquidity (IOE Code: 37142), Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (PIAAC – OECD) (IOE Code: 42184), Statistics on Trafficking and Exploitation of Human Beings (IOE Code: 68052), Systematic Vaccination Statistics (IOE Code: 54022), Energy Balance (Annual) (IOE Code: 10002), Statistics on Public Financing and Expenditure in Culture (IOE Code: 41050), Functional Classification of Government Expenditure (COFOG) (IOE Code: 32078), National Agricultural Accounting Network (RECAN) (IOE Code: 01049), Basic Demographic Indicators (IOE Code: 30264), Monitoring of Surface Water Status (IOE Code: 21021), Exploitation of the Labour Force Survey in the Cultural Sphere (IOE Code: 50057), Exploitation of Educational Variables in the Labour Force Survey: Level of Education and Continuing Training (IOE Code: 41027), Quality of Drinking Water (IOE Code: 54025), Culture Satellite Account (IOE Code: 50052), Indicators on the Consumption of Psychoactive Substances from the Spanish Observatory on Drugs and Addictions: Admissions to Treatment (IOE Code: 54098), National Health Survey (IOE Code: 54009), Pollutant Emissions Inventory (IOE Code: 23042), Integrated Social Protection Statistics in SEEPROS Terms (IOE Code: 58022), Sustainable Forest Management Statistics (IOE Code: 23030), Financial Competences Survey (FCS) (IOE Code: 37145), Unemployment Benefits Statistics (IOE Code: 58021), Bathing Water Quality (IOE Code: 54027), National Forest Inventory (IOE Code: 04001), Economic Performance Statistics (IOE Code: 32068), Personal Income Tax (PIT) Declarants Statistics (IOE Code: 32063), General Statistics of the Prison Population. Monthly Periodicity (IOE Code: 68020), Opinion Barometers (IOE Code: 79001), Public Debt under the Excessive Deficit Procedure (IOE Code: 37144), Taxes and Social Contributions (IOE Code: 32077), Annual Non-Financial Operations of the General Government Sector and Sub-Sectors (IOE Code: 32075), Organic Production Statistics (IOE Code: 01165), Survey on the Marketing of Plant Protection Products (IOE Code: 01160), National Agricultural Economic Accounts (IOE Code: 01053) and Quarterly and Annual Agricultural Price and Wage Indices (IOE Code: 01048).
In a third phase, administrative sources from ministerial departments were added. In such cases, it is clearly signalled that they are from administrative records and do not belong to any operation of the National Statistics Plan.
Also, new data sources, mainly earth observations, are beginning to be used to produce some indicators of the 2030 Agenda that are currently in the stage of “exploring data sources.”
Besides the global indicator framework, some european indicators from the European Statistics System and some indicators from the National Sustainable Strategy 2030 have been added.
Regarding the measurement of progress, only those indicators of sufficient quality at the time of said measurement will be used.
The characteristics and components of the information sources should be consulted in the corresponding statistics.
In general, the frequency is annual. However, some statistics and administrative records are sporadic or have a higher frequency than once a year. There are also sporadic modules.
Since it is a summary statistic, it collects information from multiple statistics and administrative records. In the statistical operations and administrative records linked to each indicator, the mechanism for obtaining the initial information is explained.
The information is validated by the INE units and the ministerial statistical services responsible for the different statistics and administrative records used as sources.
Since it is a summary statistic, it collects information from multiple statistics and administrative records. Each statistic or record has its own data compilation process.
As it is a summary statistic, the adjustment of the data is specific to each statistic and administrative record.