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Unpaid Bills of Exchange Statistic

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- 1.1. Contact organisation
  - National Statistics Institute of Spain
- 1.5. Contact mail address
  - Paseo de la Castellana 183 - 28046 Madrid
- 2.1. Metadata last certified
  - 13/01/2016
- 2.2. Metadata last posted
  - 14/01/2016
- 2.3. Metadata last update
  - 13/01/2016
- 3.1. Data description
  - Unpaid Bills of Exchange Statistics (UBE) provide monthly and annual data on the number and value of credit institutions' portfolio bills of exchange, and those received as the collection management that are due during the reference month and are unpaid.
    
    Data regarding the number and amount of the different bills of exchange is obtained at a territorial national level by Autonomous Communities and provinces.
    
    Not included in every case are utility bills (lighting, water, gas, electricity, schools, etc.).
- 3.2. Classification system
  - - Comunidades y Ciudades Autónomas
      - 01 Andalucía 02 Aragón 03 Asturias, Principado de 04 Balears, Illes 05 Canarias 06 Cantabria 07 Castilla y León 08 Castilla - La Mancha 09 Cataluña 10 Comunitat Valenciana 11 Extremadura 12 Galicia 13 Madrid, Comunidad de 14 Murcia, Región de 15 Navarra, Comunidad Foral de 16 País Vasco 17 Rioja, La 18 Ceuta 19 Melilla
    - Efectos de comercio
      - 1 En cartera 2 En cartera impagados 3 Recibidos en gestión de cobro de clientes 4 Recibidos en gestión de cobro de clientes impagados
    - Provincias
      - 02 Albacete 03 Alicante/Alacant 04 Almería 01 Araba/Álava 33 Asturias 05 Ávila 06 Badajoz 07 Balears, Illes 08 Barcelona 48 Bizkaia 09 Burgos 10 Cáceres 11 Cádiz 39 Cantabria 12 Castellón/Castelló 13 Ciudad Real 14 Córdoba 15 Coruña, A 16 Cuenca 20 Gipuzkoa 17 Girona 18 Granada 19 Guadalajara 21 Huelva 22 Huesca 23 Jaén 24 León 25 Lleida 27 Lugo 28 Madrid 29 Málaga 30 Murcia 31 Navarra 32 Ourense 34 Palencia 35 Palmas, Las 36 Pontevedra 26 Rioja, La 37 Salamanca 38 Santa Cruz de Tenerife 40 Segovia 41 Sevilla 42 Soria 43 Tarragona 44 Teruel 45 Toledo 46 Valencia/València 47 Valladolid 49 Zamora 50 Zaragoza 51 Ceuta 52 Melilla
- 3.3. Sector coverage
  - The sector studied in these statistics is the group of credit institutions registered in the Official Registers of the Bank of Spain, which have portfolio bills of exchange and received as the collection management of clients.
    
    Therefore, all credit institutions that do not have portfolio bills of exchange or received as the collection management of clients are excluded.
    
    The directory of these institutions is updated annually with the variations produced in the Official Registers of the Bank of Spain.
- 3.4. Statistical concepts and definitions
  - - Banco
      - Empresa comercial que realiza operaciones financieras con el dinero procedente de accionistas y clientes.
    - Savings banks
      - Savings banks are companies with a foundational structure and of a private legal nature, which carry out a banking activity. The administrative authorisation for its constitution is similar to that of the banks. A minimum provisional fund is necessary that depends on the volume of the population of the municipalities where they operate. These are currently associated in the Spanish Confederation of Savings Banks. A portion of their profits is dedicated to corporate activities (libraries, study grants, etc.).
    - Portfolio bills of exchange
      - Portfolio bills of exchange refer to the bills, or other documents, negotiated for clients, that have been created in order to mobilise the price of the sales transactions of goods or the provision of services, delivered or endorsed at the order of the entity, and the bills that might have been ultimately discounted to other entities. This includes early payments or amounts paid in advance, or with a guarantee thereof, and the advance payments on work certifications.
    - Bills of exchange received in debt collection management from clients
      - Bills in which the financial entity acts as an intermediary, does not anticipate and wait for the expiry date of the bill of exchange, if the payment is made on the expiry date, it shall pay the amount, subtracting a commission for the services rendered. If the payment were not carried out, the bill would become unpaid.
    - Lending Institution
      - Entities which grant mortgage credits or who guarantee other financial transactions.
    - Reference month
      - Unpaid portfolio bills and management of client payments that expire in the reference month are accounted for during said month. Unpaid bills, both in portfolio and as management of client payments are accounted for in the reference month when notification is given for non-payment independently of the date on which the payment was made.
    - Province ( Article 141.1 of the Spanish Constitution)
      - The province is a local institution with its own legal status, determined by grouping municipalities and dividing territories in order to fulfil State activities. Any alteration in the provincial limits is to be approved by the General Courts by means of constitutional law.
    - Cooperative company
      - Company which, with variable capital and a democratic structure and management, associate, in the form of an open membership with voluntary delisting, persons who have common socio-economic interests or needs, who carry out corporate activities for the satisfaction of the latter and for the benefit of the cooperative. The economic results are imputed to partners once cooperative funds have been dealt with, depending on the cooperative activity that is carried out. The corporate domicile needs to include the words "Sociedad Cooperativa" or its abbreviation "S. Coop.". The number of partners is unlimited and the responsibility of these for corporate debts is that set out in the statutes. The law does not require minimal capital for the constitution of cooperatives, it is the statutes themselves which determines this. For the acquisition of legal personality registration in the cooperative companies register and public deed is required.
- 3.5. Statistical unit
  - The basic units of these statistics are the number and value of the expired and unpaid bills of exchange, whether they are portfolio or received as collection management of clients.
- 3.6. Statistical population
  - The population object of study of these statistics is the number and value of portfolio bills of exchange or received as collection management of clients (expired and unpaid) which possess the credit institutions registered in the Official Registers of the Bank of Spain.
- 3.7. Reference area
  - The geographical scope of these statistics encompasses the entire national territory.
- 3.8. Time coverage
  - These statistics have a monthly frequency.
- 3.9. Base period
  - The base period of these statistics is 2002 and as per comparing the results published with 2002 reference and previous years, the INE has linked this data with the results obtained in the pilot test carried out during 2002. To this end, linking coefficients have been calculated. This application allows obtaining the final data for 2002, as well as the revision of the data published prior to this date.
- 4.1. Unit of measure
- 5.1. Reference period
  - The reference period is the calendar month.
    Data referred to the period: Mensual A: 2015 MES: 11
- 6.1. Legal acts and other agreements
  - The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).
    The statistics are not subject to regulations.
- 6.2. Data sharing
  - The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
    Not requested.
- 7.1. Confidentiality - policy
  - The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
- 7.2. Confidentiality - data treatment
  - INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.
    By financial institution, the information provided by credit institutions in the case of the Spanish Confederation of Savings Banks, is a single questionnaire with the totalised data of all institutions included in this confederation. This data is broken down by province.
- 8.1. Release calendar
  - The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
- 8.2. Release calendar access
  - The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
- 8.3. User access
  - The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
- 9.1. Frequency of dissemination
  - The data is disseminated monthly.
- 10.1. News release
  - The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
- 10.2. Publications
  - The results of the statistics are disseminated via the INE website and monthly data is published every month:https://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft30%2Fp147&file=inebase&L=1
- 10.3. On-line database
  - INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or topic using data collected individually
    Access to tables and time series in INEbase within the section "Financial and Monetary Statistics" in www.ine.eshttps://www.ine.es/jaxi/menu.do?type=pcaxis&path=%2Ft30%2Fp147&file=inebase&L=1
- 10.4. Micro-data access
  - A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section
    There are no microdata files for public use.
- 10.5. Other
  - There is the option of requesting customised information from the INE Customer Service Area. Limitations to confidentiality or precision are borne in mind at the time of processing said requests.Ver https://www.ine.es/ss/Satellite?L=1&c=Page&cid=1254735550786&p=1254735550786&pagename=ProductosYServicios%2FPYSLayout&rendermode=previewnoinsitem
- 10.6. Documentation on methodology
  - A detailed description may be viewed at:https://www.ine.es/en/metodologia/t30/t303014766_en.pdf
- 10.7. Quality documentation
  - For the moment documents regarding quality are not available.
- 11.1. Quality assurance
  - Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 15 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
    Every month the financial institutions complete the questionnaires regarding Unpaid Bills of Exchange statistics. This information undergoes a set of filtering and validation stages:
    - The number and value variables of the bills are revised in all the provinces, so as to observe if there is any irregular data in the time series. If irregular data is observed, the financial institution is contacted to verify whether the information is correct.
    - The questionnaires that are not received in the corresponding date are claimed, so that response rate on the close day of the statistics is of 100%.
- 11.2. Quality assessment
  - The Unpaid Bills of Exchange Statistics is a high-quality operation that meets all criteria of coherence, comparability, precision and timeliness.
- 12.1. User needs
  - Survey users include: - Ministries and other public bodies, for the resolution of parliamentary requests. - Territorial administrations (Autonomous Communities, councils...), for dissemination of their territorial data. - Individuals, have different needs depending on the use they will make of the information they require.
- 12.2. User satisfaction
  - The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010 and 2013, and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...
    
    On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click next link)
    
    User's specific needs are taken into account providing methodological revisions of the survey are carried out, in order to adjust the contents of the survey to the specific requirements of its users and this way increasing their satisfaction level.
- 12.3. Completeness
  - Though there is no regulation establishing the information to be provided, the statistics meet most user needs; regarding unmet needs, these are resolved via customised requests.
- 13.1. Overall accuracy
  - The procedure for collection, coverage control, error filtering and validation of the information allow obtaining a high degree of reliability in the statistics.
- 13.2. Sampling error
  - There is no sampling in the statistics.
- 13.3. Non-sampling error
  - To correct non-sampling errors, estimations are carried out of the information that is not available at the close date of the statistics.
- 14.1. Timeliness
  - The data of the statistics are published one and a half months after the reference month of the information, that is, 45 days.
- 14.2. Punctuality
  - The dissemination of the data is carried out in accordance with the short-term statistics availability calendar that the INE compiles and publishes for each year.
- 15.1. Comparability - geographical
  - These statistics, in all of their phases, are processed in the same way for the entire territory. In this way, the results are perfectly comparable for any geographical breakdown.
- 15.2. Comparability - over time
  - During the year 2002, the INE undertook a thorough renovation of the statistics, which has allowed revising the 2002 provisional data series and research new variables of interest for the users of this information.
    For the purposes of comparing published results referring to 2002 and previous years, the INE has linked this data with results obtained in the pilot study carried out in 2002. To this end, linking coefficients have been calculated. This application allows obtaining the final data for 2002, as well as the revision of the data published prior to this date.
- 15.3. Coherence - cross domain
  - There is no other similar operation to compare information.
- 15.4. Coherence - internal
  - Coherence is an essential factor in planning the methodology of the statistics as well as in its compilation. The results have complete internal coherence, since they are the same data set.
- 16.1. Cost and burden
  - The estimation of the budgetary credit necessary to finance these statistics, as foreseen in the 2016 Annual Programme, comes to a total of 10.00 thousand euros.
- 17.1. Data revision - policy
  - Once the final data of the statistics is published, it is not revised.
- 17.2. Data revision - practice
  - Each month, provisional data for the statistics is disseminated, and when the final data is published, it is not subject to revision.
- 18.1. Source data
  - Information collection is carried out by electronic mail. Each surveyed institution completes a questionnaire with the monthly summary of all their branches located in the country. Information is given on:- Number and value of portfolio bills of exchange which expire in the reference month. - Number and value of unpaid portfolio bills in the reference month(classified by receiving province)- Number and value of bills of exchange received as collection management of clients with due date in the reference month and- Number and value of bills of exchange received as unpaid collection management of clients with due date in the reference month (classified by receiving provinces that manage their collection) This data is sent to the INE in the form of a normalised questionnaire within the twenty days after the reference month. Banking groups and trade union groups may sent a single questionnaire with the information aggregated of the institutions integrated in said groups. Similarly, the Spanish Confederation of Savings Banks sends a single questionnaire with the totalised data of all institutions included in this confederation.
- 18.2. Frequency of data collection
  - Data is collected on a monthly basis.
- 18.3. Data collection
  - The financial institutions send their data in an encrypted file by electronic mail.
- 18.4. Data validation
  - The questionnaires obtained are subjected to interactive filtering programmes in order to correct possible errors.
- 18.5. Data compilation
  - During the filtering process, errors and inconsistencies in the identification variables of each register are detected and filtered.
- 18.6. Adjustment
  - No adjustments are made.
- 19.1. Comment