- Methods and Projects
- Standards and Classifications
Standardised Methodological Report
Statistics on Book Publishing Production
- 1Contact
- 1.1Contact organisation
National Statistics Institute of Spain
- 1.5Contact mail address
Avenida de Manoteras 50-52 - 28050 Madrid
- 1.1Contact organisation
- 2Metadata update
- 2.1Metadata last certified
22/11/2022
- 2.2Metadata last posted
20/12/2021
- 2.3Metadata last update
22/11/2022
- 2.1Metadata last certified
- 3Statistical presentation
- 3.1Data description
Book production statistics covers the non-periodical publications published in Spain and available to the public except:
-Publications published for advertising purposes, catalogues, leaflets...
-Short-term publications: schedules, fees, event programmes, statutes...
-Musical works (scores) and cartographic production in general, expect atlases.
-Publications less than five pages.
- 3.2Classification system
- Clasificaciones utilizadas
The statistical data related to editorial production is classified into 25 topics, based on the revised Recommendation about the international normalisation of statistics related to production and distribution of books, diaries and other periodical publications, approved by UNESCO's General Conference in November 1985.
See UNESCO's classification in:
http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=13146&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html
- Clasificaciones utilizadas
- 3.3Sector coverage
It collects the first editions and re-editions of books and pamphlets edited in Spain regardless of where they were printed (Spain or abroad).
- 3.4Statistical concepts and definitions
- Código de depósito legal
Se concede posteriormente al ISBN. Es un indicador sobre los libros ya editados. Es un código obligatorio para todos los libros y es concedido por las oficinas de depósito legal.
- Código ISBN (International Estándar Book Number)
Número internacional normalizado para libros que identifica la edición de un libro de una editorial concreta y de una edición determinada. Es un indicador sobre las previsiones de edición.
- Leaflet
Publication of the same type as a book consisting of 5 to 48 pages.
- Book
All non-periodical printed publications consisting of at least 49 pages, excluding the covers, published in this country and made available to the public.
- First publication
First publication of a text by a specific publisher in a specific collection and in a specific format
- Reissuing
A reissuing is understood to be an edition which is distinguished from the previous ones by some modifications introduced into the content or presentation.
- Title
A title is a term used to designate a printed publication that constitutes a single whole, whether it consists of one or more volumes.
- Código de depósito legal
- 3.5Statistical unit
The statistical units are the titles (books and brochures) published in Spain and deposited in the Spanish National Library during the reference year.
- 3.6Statistical population
Titles edited in Spain.
- 3.7Reference area
It covers the complete Spanish territory (including the Autonomous Cities of Ceuta and Melilla).
The data provide breakdown at province level (NUTS-3).
- 3.8Time coverage
The statistic is carried out annually.
This statistical operation was stopped by the INE in the year 2019, with the publication of the reference period Annual 2019. Its elaboration from that moment on was assumed by the Ministry of Culture
- 3.9Base period
The temporary series published in the INE website starts in 1998. In 2012 a change was made in the series, due to the coming into force of Legal Deposit Law 23/2011, of 29 July. It produces a change in the adjustment to reality of the world of publishing, based on the new role given to the publisher. The publisher as main depositor (and not the printer as before the mentioned law). This involves a modification in the scope of statistics, exclusively addressing publications published in Spain regardless of where they have been printed (in previous editions the research focused on the group of publications printed in Spain despite the fact they may come from foreign publishing companies).
- 3.1Data description
- 4Unit of measure
- 4.1Unit of measure
The unit of measure is the number of titles
- 4.1Unit of measure
- 5Reference period
- 5.1Reference period
They reference period is one natural year since the final purpose of statistics is to estimate the publishing output of a given year (t).
However, in order to retrieve publications, not included in previus years, that have been included in the BNE databases late, the valid reference period is established based on the year and month of cataloging and the year of publication. In such a way, that the following publications will be included:
Cataloging date: since 01/01/year t to 15/06/year t. Edition date: year t
since 15/06/year t to 31/12/year t year t-3 to year t
since 01/01/ year t+1 to 31/12/year t+1 year t-3 to year t
Due to the pandemic, there were delays in the cataloging of the books and brochures published in 2019, which has forced the cataloging period of the 2019 editorial production to be extended until December 31, 2020.
Cataloging date. Entering date into the databases of the BNE.
Edition date. Date on which the editor edits a publication. They usually coincide. Based on the statistics referring to 2016, the cataloging period extends from 30/04 of the reference year to 15/06.
Modifications in the cataloging periods:
- Based on the statistics referring to 2016, the cataloging period runs from 04/30 to 06/15 of the year following the reference year of the survey (year t + 1).
- For the statistics referring to 2019, it runs from 06/15 to 12/31 of the year following the reference year of the survey (year t + 1).
Data referred to the period: Anual A: 2019
- 5.1Reference period
- 6Institutional mandate
- 6.1Legal acts and other agreements
The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15 December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).
- 6.2Data sharing
The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
- 6.1Legal acts and other agreements
- 7Confidentiality
- 7.1Confidentiality - policy
The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
- 7.2Confidentiality - data treatment
INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.
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- 7.1Confidentiality - policy
- 8Release policy
- 8.1Release calendar
The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
- 8.2Release calendar access
The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
- 8.3User access
The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
- 8.1Release calendar
- 9Frequency of dissemination
- 9.1Frequency of dissemination
The definitive data is disseminated annually.
- 9.1Frequency of dissemination
- 10Accessibility and clarity
- 10.1News release
The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
- 10.2Publications
The results of the survey are disseminated through the INE website.
Some results tables are incorporated in synthesis operations such as INE Figures and Statistical yearbook.
- 10.3On-line database
INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.
Access to the monthly tables and series in INEbase of section Society/Culture and leisure:
- 10.4Micro-data access
A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section
The microdata is accessible through customised requests.
- 10.5Other
Through the User Care Services, the users that wish to do so may request the specific use of information, which maintains data confidentiality, by signing the corresponding agreement or document. More information on
- 10.6Documentation on methodology
The methodological summary and a detailed description may be accessed on:
- 10.7Quality documentation
This document may be considered the user-friendly quality report for this operation.
- 10.1News release
- 11Quality management
- 11.1Quality assurance
Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.
As the information is collected directly by our personnel, the total coverage of the statistic is guaranteed.
Computer filtering and tabulation allows establishing strict validation regulations during the entire statistical process.
- 11.2Quality assessment
Statistics offer an insight into those of edited labels and their characteristics. Among them the different co-official languages in which they are published.
The different statistical processes are aimed at ensuring the quality of the results offered and the marginal distributions of frequencies.
The survey uses data from administrative records so it does not burden the informants.
- 11.1Quality assurance
- 12Relevance
- 12.1User needs
Statistic users are the following:
-Ministries and other public institutions.
-Statistical Offices of Autonomous Communities.
-Researchers and universities.
-Individuals.
Each of these users have different needs according to their features and purposes
- 12.2User satisfaction
The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013, 2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...
On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click next link)
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- 12.3Completeness
The collected information allows meeting the object of the statistic: knowing the number and features of the non-periodical publications published in Spain and available to the public.
The information is exhaustive given the operation of administrative records.
R1=100%
- 12.1User needs
- 13Accuracy and reliability
- 13.1Overall accuracy
As mentioned in section 12, collection procedures, coverage control and error filtering allow obtaining a high reliability degree of the statistic.
- 13.2Sampling error
Since it is thorough there is no possibility of sampling errors.
- 13.3Non-sampling error
Coverage is thorough since the data is collected directly by INE personnel in the Legal Deposit Section of the Acquisitions Department of the National Library as well as the fact that the publisher has the legal obligation to complete the information.
A4=0
- 13.1Overall accuracy
- 14Timeliness and punctuality
- 14.1Timeliness
Published data for the reference year t are generally published at the end of the year t+1.
TP2=12
- 14.2Punctuality
Data dissemination is carried out according to the structural statistics availability calendar that INE develops and publishes each year.
- 14.1Timeliness
- 15Coherence and Comparability
- 15.1Comparability - geographical
The processing of this statistic in all of its stages is the same for the entire territory. Therefore, the results are perfectly comparable for any geographical breakdown.
- 15.2Comparability - over time
Due to the modification of the scope of study in the year 2012, which was caused by the coming into force of Law 23/2011, of 29 July, including publications printed abroad, comparability to the series of previous years is partial.
The comparable series length is 4 years from 2015. CC2=4 (comparation temporal indicator)
- 15.3Coherence - cross domain
It complements the ISBN (International Standard Book Number) statistic, carried out by the Ministry of Culture.
Moreover, this estatistics provides information about titles with no commercial purpose, therefore with no ISBN.
- 15.4Coherence - internal
Coherence among variables is tested in all stages of the statistical process. The variables have internal validation regulations among them, which ensure complete coherence.
- 15.1Comparability - geographical
- 16Cost and burden
- 16.1Cost and burden
There is no response burden, as the statistic uses an administrative register, carried out by the INE, based on the data that is compulsorily provided by publishers when they deposit the copies at the Legal Deposit Section of the Acquisitions Department of the National Library.
Furthermore, in the 2019 Annual programme the estimate of the necessary budget appropriation so as to finance this statistic is expected to be 42,76 thousand euros.
- 16.1Cost and burden
- 17Data revision
- 17.1Data revision - policy
The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).
This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow: routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.
There is no data review policy. Definitive data is published, given the short time interval between data collection and its publication.
- 17.2Data revision - practice
Results previews are not published.
- 17.1Data revision - policy
- 18Statistical processing
- 18.1Source data
The primary data for the realization of this statistic are obtained directly from the titles delivered by the editors, according to their legal obligation, in the Legal Deposit Service of the BNE during the calendar year.
- 18.2Frequency of data collection
The BNE sends to the INE, through the Subdirectorate General of Statistics and Studies of the MECD, a cataloging file from the SIGB (Integrated Library Management System) adjusted to the INE specifications each year.
- 18.3Data collection
Each time an publisher publishes a non-periodical publication, he/she is under the legal obligation to deposit a series of copies at the Legal Deposit and inform about some features of that publication (these features have changed due to Law 23/2011 of 29 July).
- 18.4Data validation
Validation is carried out in different stages of the statistical process.
Stage I: During collection and recording of the microdata by INE personnel who present in the Legal Deposit Section,
Stage II: In INE central services, with computer processes that check the overall coherence of the data.
- 18.5Data compilation
After the filtering process, the data affected by possible recording errors are imputed.
- 18.6Adjustment
No calibration or weighting adjustments are necessary, as the statistic is based on administrative registers with thorough coverage.
- 18.1Source data
- 19Comment
- 19.1Comment
- 19.1Comment