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Survey on the Labour Insertion of University Graduates

• 1Contact
  • 1.1Contact organisation
    National Statistics Institute of Spain
    
  • 1.5Contact mail address
    Paseo de la Castellana 183 - 28046 Madrid
    
• 2Metadata update
  • 2.1Metadata last certified
    21/12/2020
  • 2.2Metadata last posted
    29/10/2020
  • 2.3Metadata last update
    21/12/2020
• 3Statistical presentation
  • 3.1Data description

    The Survey on the Labour Insertion of University Graduates aims to investigate the transition of university graduates to the labour market: to obtain data and references on the quality of the labour insertion of the population with a degree in Spanish universities, to know the conditions with which they access the labour market, the adaptation of the studies to the work they carry out, the type of contract or mobility. In short, a set of indicators that make it possible to know the situation of this group and relate it to the degree they have completed.

    This study has been carried out on a population constituted by graduates of the Spanish university system, throughout the national territory. With regard to the temporal scope, it has been considered that it is necessary around three years from the end of the studies, to stabilise the employment situation. For this reason, we have taken as a study group the graduates in the 2013-2014 academic year, to conduct the survey in 2019.

    The variables studied have been classified into four groups: those related to the level of education of the graduate, how was the process of incorporation into the labour market, the suitability of the knowledge acquired and personal skills for the work developed and geographical mobility.

  • 3.2Classification system
    • Clasificaciones utilizadas

      The EILU-2019 uses the National Classification of Education (NCED-2014) to code the field of study to which the degree carried out by the interviewee corresponds.

      
      
      

      Likewise, for the classification of the different jobs performed, the National Classification of Occupations (NCO-11) has been used and for the classification of the economic activity of the company, the CNAE 2009.

  • 3.3Sector coverage

    The population under study are university graduates (including 1st and 2nd cycle graduates) and University Master's graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year at a Spanish university, that is, levels 61, 62, 71, 72 and 73 of the National Classification of Education (CNED-A 2014).

  • 3.4Statistical concepts and definitions
    • Economic activity
      Economic activity of the local unit in which the individual performs his or her main professional activity.
    • Afiliado a la Seguridad Social
      Se considera afiliado a la Seguridad Social a la persona que está dada de alta en la Seguridad Social, bien sea por cuenta ajena con un contrato de trabajo remunerado o por cuenta propia, en el periodo de referencia.
    • Wage-earners or freelance workers
      Have worked during the reference week for at least one hour in exchange for a salary or wage, in cash or in kind or have had a job but have not not worked due to being temporally absent from work during the reference week. In this case, in order ot regard the person as employed, it is necessary to be closely linked with his or her employment, and for the total period absent to be less than or equal to three months or, where this is greater, for the percentage of the wage received to be 50% or more.
    • University education centre
      These are the centres in charge of the organisation of the university education leading to attaining academic qualifications.
    • Disability certificate
    • Curso de formación ocupacional
      Se trata de Formación Profesional no reglada, destinada a todas aquellas personas que estan en situación de desempleo y que necesiten adquirir o perfeccionar su nivel de conocimientos en una determinada ocupación, con el fin de facilitar su inserción en el Mercado Laboral y contribuir a la promoción del autoempleo. Estos cursos estan regulados por el Servicio Público de Empleo Estatal (SEPE).
    • Dedicado a las labores del hogar (situación autopercibida/autodeclarada)
      Personas que declaran que sin ejercer alguna actividad económica, se dedican a cuidar su propio hogar sin contraprestación económica alguna
    • Doctorate
      This is any of the educational programmes leading to the "doctor" qualification.
    • Age
      Age in years refers to the number of birthdays reached by the reference date, in other words, the age last birthday.
    • Permanent employment
      A contract or employment relationship must be considered permanent if there are no objective criteria for the termination thereof, even it it is only carried out during certain periods of the year, but with the assurance that it will be repeated every year (discontinuous permanent contracts).
    • Temporary employment
      In temporary employment, the end of an employment relationship or contract is determined by objective conditions, such as the expiry of a certain term, the performance of a given task, the reincorporation of an employee that had been temporarily replaced, the performance of a probationary or training period, or the substitution of part of the work not performed by partially-retired persons. In the case of a limited-duration work contract, the conditions corresponding to its termination are generally mentioned in the contract.
    • Estudiante (situación autopercibida/autodeclarada)
      Se considera estudiante a toda persona que declara que su actividad única (o principal) consiste en la adquisición de una instrucción sistemática de cualquier nivel y tipo de estudio, incluyendo como tal la preparación de oposiciones.
    • University studies or education
      Each of the educational programmes leading to attaining an official qualification. Prior to the entry into force of the European Higher Education Area (EHEA), this referred to 1st and 2nd cycle studies (diploma studies, technical engineering or architecture, university studies, engineering and architecture). As of this time, degree studies began to be taught, as well as official Master's studies that provide access to doctoral studies.
    • Incapacidad laboral permanente (situación autopercibida/autodeclarada)
      Personas que declaran que se encuentran indefinidamente incapacitadas, tanto si han trabajado o no anteriormente e independientemente de si reciben una pensión por incapacidad.
    • Jubilado (situación autopercibida/autodeclarada)
      Persona que declaran no trabajar y disfrutar de una pensión de jubilación vitalicia o retiro, obtenidos por su actividad económica anterior al cesar en el trabajo a causa de su edad.
    • Citizenship
      Citizenship is defined as the particular legal bond between an individual and his/her State,, acquired by birth or naturalisation, whether by declaration, option, marriage or other means according to the national legislation.
    • Nivel de formación alcanzado
      El nivel de formación alcanzado por una persona se define como "el máximo nivel que el individuo ha completado" y "se mide a partir del programa de máximo nivel que haya superado, validado, normalmente, por la correspondiente certificación".
    • Occupation of the main breadwinner
      If the main breadwinner of the household has ever worked, the occupation, profession or trade carried out in his or her last position to a two-digit NCO-2011 (new classification incorporated into the survey as of 2012) is registered.
      The occupation is defined as the kind of work carried out, specifying the role performed.
      If an individual has had more than one job, the occupation refers to the last job carried out; if he or she has carried out several jobs, the profession refers to the main job, this being regarded as the one indicated by the intreviewee. The following categories apply:
      - Directors and managers
      - Scientific technicians and professionals and intellectuals
      - Technicians; support professionals
      - Accountancy, administrative and other office employees
      - Catering, personal, protection services and sales wokers
      - Skilled agricultural, livestock, forestry and fishing sector workers
      - Craftspersons and employees qualified for manufacturing and construction (except installation and machinery operators)
      - Installation and machinery operators and assemblers
      - Basic occupations
      - Other cases (including Military occupations and No data recorded)
    • Ocupados (situación autopercibida/autodeclarada)
      Los ocupados son todas aquellas personas de 16 años o más que, durante un período de referencia dado (semana de referencia, período actual...) declararon tener un empleo por cuenta ajena, asalariado, o ejercieron una actividad por cuenta propia, trabajadores por cuenta propia.
    • Parados (situación autopercibida/autodeclarada)
      Parados son todas aquellas personas de 16 años o más que, durante un período de referencia dado (semana de referencia, período actual...), declararon encontrarse desempleados o buscando un empleo.
    • Active population or active persons
      The active population comprises employed and unemployed persons during the reference week.
    • Inactive population or inactive persons
      The economically inactive population comprises all persons 16 years old and older who do not classify as employed, unemployed or population counted separately during the reference week.
    • Branches of knowledge
      These are the areas of knowledge in which the official studies are grouped: social and legal sciences, technical sciences, humanities, experimental sciences and health sciences.
    • Sex
      Sex refers to the biological sex of the person. According to the WHO, "sex" refers to biological and physiological features defining to men and women, whereas "gender" refers to the roles, behaviour, activities and attributes constructed socially that a specific culture regards as appropriate for men and women. In accordance with this description, the WHO regards "man" and "woman" as sex categories, whereas "male" and "female" are gender categories.
    • Situación principal autopercibida/autodeclarada en relación con la actividad económica.
      Se refiere a la situación principal en que se clasificaría cada persona según la propia percepción de su relación con la actividad económica: ocupado, parado, jubilado, estudiante, incapacitado para trabajar, dedicado a las labores del hogar u otras situaciones.
    • Professional Status
      The definition is based on the ILO resolution regarding the International Classification of the Employment Situation (15th CISE, 1993). The two essential dimensions for the concept of professional situation are economic risk and authority.
      The basic distinction is the one that exists between wage earners and freelance workers. Wage earners are all workers whose type of work is defined as paid employment: work whereby the holders have implicit or explicit employment contracts (verbal or in writing), for which they receive basic payment that does not depend directly on the income of the unit for which they work (this unit may be a corporation, a non-profit organisation, a government unit or a household). Some or all instruments, capital goods, information systems and/or premises used by the holders belong to third parties, and the holders may work under the direct supervision of or in accordance with the strict directives established by the owner or persons employed by the latter. (Persons with ¿paid employment¿ are usually paid with salaries or wages, but may also be paid by means of commissions on sales, efficiency payments, premiums or payments in kind such as food, lodgings or training).
      Freelance work is that employment whereby payment depends directly on profits (or on the potential to make profit) deriving from goods and services produced (in these jobs it is regarded that self-consumtion forms part of profits). Freelance workers make operational decisions that affect the company, or delegate those decisions, but retain responsibility for the well-being of the company. (In this context, the company includes the operations of a single person.)
      Wage earners with a determined duration job/contract are those employees whose main work will end after a pre-termined period of time has elapsed, or after a period of time which is unknown from the outset, but defined by means of objective criteria, such as the completion of a task or the end of the period of absence of the worker who is being temporarily replaced.
    • Activity rate
      The activity rate is defined as the quotient between the total number of active persons and the population aged 16 years old and over.
    • Employment rate
      This is the quotient between the total number of employed persons and the population aged 16 years and over.
    • Unemployment rate
      The unemployment rate is the quotient between the number of unemployed persons and the number of active persons. Calculated for both sexes and for each sex separately.
    • Types of contract or employment relationship
      Contracts or employment relationships may be permanent or temporary.
    • Type of working day
      The typical weekly working day at work may be full time or part time.
      
      The distinction is based on the interviewee's opinion, though it must be taken into account that part-time work can never exceed 35 hours weekly, and full-time work cannot be under to 30 hours weekly, and full-time work must be equal to or over 30 regular hours each week.
    • Tipo de universidad
      Los centros pueden ser públicos o privados según dependan de un órgano público o no, con independencia del origen de sus recursos económicos.
    • Titulado universitario
      Es el que ha completado todos los créditos docentes o asignaturas que conforman el plan de estudios universitario en el que estaba matriculado, sin necesidad de tener completado el proyecto fin de carrera en aquellos estudios que lo requieran.
    • Freelance workers
      Have worked during the reference week for at least one hour in exchange for personal gain or family earnings or have had a job but not working due to being temporarily absent from it during the reference week due to illness, an accident, holidays, public holidays, bad weather or other reasons involving there continuing to exist a strong link between the person and his or her company.
      Family assistance is included in this category.
  • 3.5Statistical unit

    The basic statistical unit is the graduate in the Spanish university system in the 2013-2014 academic year.

  • 3.6Statistical population

    The population scope of this statistic is constituted by all graduates of the Spanish university system for the 2013-2014 academic year.

  • 3.7Reference area

    The territorial scope is comprised of all the universities in the national territory.

  • 3.8Time coverage

    The temporal scope is the year 2019.

  • 3.9Base period

    This is the second edition of this survey, the base period is 2014.

• 4Unit of measure
  • 4.1Unit of measure

    The unit of measurement is the university graduate (those who have obtained more than one degree in the same reference year have been counted once in each of the degrees they have obtained). Two groups are included: Bachelor's degree graduates and Master's degree graduates.

    Relative figures are expressed in %.

    The unit of measurement of the table of the lower limits of the quintiles of the contribution bases for employed persons is the euro.

• 5Reference period
  • 5.1Reference period

    The period of time to which the data refer varies according to the nature of the variables to be investigated. The reference period is the time of the interview (the collection period was from July to December 2019), or from the time of completion of education in the year 2014 to the time of the interview (for variables of employment insertion of university graduates).

    Data referred to the period: EILU-2019

• 6Institutional mandate
  • 6.1Legal acts and other agreements

    The compilation and dissemination of the data are governed by the Statistical Law No. 12/1989 "Public Statistical Function" of May 9, 1989, and Law No. 4/1990 of June 29 on “National Budget of State for the year 1990" amended by Law No. 13/1996 "Fiscal, administrative and social measures" of December 30, 1996, makes compulsory all statistics included in the National Statistics Plan. The National Statistical Plan 2009-2012 was approved by the Royal Decree 1663/2008. It contains the statistics that must be developed in the four year period by the State General Administration's services or any other entity dependent on it. All statistics included in the National Statistics Plan are statistics for state purposes and are obligatory. The National Statistics Plan 2021-2024, approved by Royal Decree 1110/2020, of 15  December, is the Plan currently implemented. This statistical operation has governmental purposes, and it is included in the National Statistics Plan 2021-2024. (Statistics of the State Administration).

    
    

    This Statistical Operation has been included in the National Statistical Plan 2017-2020 complying with one of the recommendations made by the High Council on Statistics on national statistical needs in the education sector.

    Various sources of administrative information have been used to carry out this statistical operation on the basis of the following agreements:

    - Cooperation agreement between the INE and the General Secretariat of Universities for the use of the Integrated University Information System

    - Cooperation agreement between the SS and the INE in statistical matters for the use of the file of Affiliations and Bases of Contribution of the General Treasury of the Social Security

    - Cooperation agreement between the INE- IMSERSO- CERMI- MSSSI- ONCE Foundation for the use of the State Base of Persons with Disabilities (BEPD).

  • 6.2Data sharing
    The exchanges of information needed to elaborate statistics between the INE and the rest of the State statistical offices (Ministerial Departments, independent bodies and administrative bodies depending on the State General Administration), or between these offices and the Autonomic statistical offices, are regulated in the LFEP (Law of the Public Statistic Function). This law also regulates the mechanisms of statistical coordination, and concludes cooperation agreements between the different offices when necessary.
    

    In this statistical operation, data from administrative registers have been used, such as the Integrated University Information System (General Secretariat of Universities), files on Affiliations and Contribution Bases (Social Security), Register of Inhabitants and Register of Spaniards Resident Abroad - PERE (INE), files on Contracts and Vocational Training Applicants of the Public State Employment Service (SEPE) and the State Base of Persons with Disabilities (BEPD)

• 7Confidentiality
  • 7.1Confidentiality - policy
    The Statistical Law No. 12/1989 specifies that the INE cannot publish, or make otherwise available, individual data or statistics that would enable the identification of data for any individual person or entity. Regulation (EC) No 223/2009 on European statistics stipulates the need to establish common principles and guidelines ensuring the confidentiality of data used for the production of European statistics and the access to those confidential data with due account for technical developments and the requirements of users in a democratic society
    
  • 7.2Confidentiality - data treatment
    INE provides information on the protection of confidentiality at all stages of the statistical process: INE questionnaires for the operations in the national statistical plan include a legal clause protecting data under statistical confidentiality. Notices prior to data collection announcing a statistical operation notify respondents that data are subject to statistical confidentiality at all stages. For data processing, INE employees have available the INE data protection handbook, which specifies the steps that should be taken at each stage of processing to ensure reporting units' individual data are protected. The microdata files provided to users are anonymised.
    

    In the process of performing the statistical operation the safeguarding of confidentiality is a priority issue and something to take into account in each and every phase of the statistical process, especially in the dissemination, where individual information must have a special protection to avoid disclosure without anonymising.

• 8Release policy
  • 8.1Release calendar
    The advance release calendar that shows the precise release dates for the coming year is disseminated in the last quarter of each year.
    
  • 8.2Release calendar access
    The calendar is disseminated on the INEs Internet website (Publications Calendar)
    
  • 8.3User access
    The data are released simultaneously according to the advance release calendar to all interested parties by issuing the press release. At the same time, the data are posted on the INE's Internet website (www.ine.es/en) almost immediately after the press release is issued. Also some predefined tailor-made requests are sent to registered users. Some users could receive partial information under embargo as it is publicly described in the European Statistics Code of Practice
    
• 9Frequency of dissemination
  • 9.1Frequency of dissemination

    This is the second edition of the Survey of Labour Insertion of University Graduates (EILU) carried out by the INE, the first having been conducted in 2014.

    From 2019 the survey will run for four years..

• 10Accessibility and clarity
  • 10.1News release
    The results of the statistical operations are normally disseminated by using press releases that can be accessed via both the corresponding menu and the Press Releases Section in the web
    
  • 10.2Publications

    A press release was released when the data were published in October 2020. It is available at https://ine.es/prensa/eilu_2019.pdf

    The information provided is the following:

    FINAL DATA:

    Absolute and relative figures, for Bachelor's graduates and Master's graduates:

    • Characteristics of university graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year
    • Place of residence in 2019 of university graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year
    • Employment status in 2019 of university graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who were working in 2019
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who were unemployed in 2019
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who were inactive in 2019
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who have had a paid job since they finished their studies. First job after finishing their studies
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who have had a paid job since they finished their studies
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who have had a paid job during their university education
    • University graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year who have not had a paid job since they finished their studies
    • Training and apprenticeship of university graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year
    • Mobility of university graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year within and outside Spanish territory
    • Affiliation to the Social Security and bases of contribution of university graduates of the 2013-2014 academic year

     

  • 10.3On-line database

    INEbase is the system the INE uses to store statistical information on the Internet. It contains all the information the INE produces in electronic formats. The primary organisation of the information follows the theme-based classification of the Inventory of Statistical Operations of the State General Administration . The basic unit of INEbase is the statistical operation, defined as the set of activities that lead to obtaining statistical results on a determined sector or subject based on the individually collected data. Also included in the scope of this definition are synthesis preparation.

    
    

    The results of this statistical operation can be consulted in the section "Education" under "Society" at INEbase in the following link:

    https://ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/es/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176991&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735573113

  • 10.4Micro-data access
    A lot of statistical operations disseminate public domain anonymized files, available free of charge for downloading in the INE website Microdata Section
    

    The EILU 2019 anonymous microdata file is available on the INE website:

    https://www.ine.es/en/prodyser/microdatos_en.htm

    In order to guarantee confidentiality, certain variables have been eliminated (name and surname, country of birth, Autonomous Community... in addition to all the variables included in some of the literals).

    This section only makes available for downloading the microdata files that do not include the variables of Autonomous Communities (AC of the university of study, AC of the first employment, AC of the current employment, AC of the destination of the first change of residence). For reasons of control and confidentiality, the microdata files in which these variables are included will only be provided free of charge under special conditions in the User Assistance Area. If you wish, you can contact this Area through the enquiry form: www.ine.es/infoine.

  • 10.5Other

    Interested users may request, through the INE Dissemination Area, any specific consultation or use of information as it is carried out, preserving in all cases the confidentiality of the data.

  • 10.6Documentation on methodology

    A detailed description is available at:

    https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176991&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735976597

  • 10.7Quality documentation

    The INE carries out two specific analyses to assess the quality of the EILU data. First, sampling errors are obtained and published together with the tabulation of results. And secondly, a non-response analysis is carried out and published on the website. Both results can be found on the dissemination page of the EILU results:

    https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176991&menu=ultiDatos&idp=1254735573113

    In addition, the following sections of this methodological report (items 10.2 to 17.2) constitute the user-oriented global quality report for this operation.

• 11Quality management
  • 11.1Quality assurance

    Quality assurance framework for the INE statistics is based on the ESSCoP, the European Statistics Code of Practice made by EUROSTAT. The ESSCoP is made up of 16 principles, gathered in three areas: Institutional Environment, Processes and Products. Each principle is associated with some indicators which make possible to measure it. In order to evaluate quality, EUROSTAT provides different tools: the indicators mentioned above, Self-assessment based on the DESAP model, peer review, user satisfaction surveys and other proceedings for evaluation.

    
    

    The Survey of Labour Insertion of University Graduates has established a series of mechanisms that contribute to guaranteeing the quality of the process and the results. Among them are the following:

    - Data collection through CAWI and CATI applications with implementation of errors and warnings of incompatibility or incongruence between the survey responses in order to perform a first field cleaning at the time of data collection.

    - Comprehensive testing of electronic questionnaires (CAWI and CATI) in order to verify the controls of inconsistencies in the responses.

    - Specific training for interviewers with the participation and advice of experts from the National Statistics Institute.

    - Periodic inspection of field work.

    - Comprehensive review of the coding of questions that require it (current occupation and first job).

    - Control of errors and warnings after the collection in order to corroborate the correct functioning of the applications and avoid systemic errors in the collection.

    - Use of administrative records (Affiliations and Contribution Bases of the Social Security General Treasury; Contracts and Vocational Training Applicants of the Public State Employment Service) to assist in coding, validating and completing the information provided by the reporting units.

  • 11.2Quality assessment

    According to the measures implemented in the process of collection and cleaning of results described in the previous section, the strengths of the survey are:

    - the absence of errors and inconsistencies between the responses to the questionnaire thanks to the CAWI-CATI questionnaires and a first cleaning in the field.

    - acceptable level of responses provided by proxy (1.2% of the total of Bachelor's graduates and 0.8% of the total of Master's graduates).

    - Adequate classification according to the occupation variables in the first job and in the current job due to its comprehensive cleaning.

    - Results calibrated by sex, degree, university, field of study, branch of knowledge, disability, residents of the PERE and nationality.

    - Use of administrative sources to reduce the burden of questions to the respondent and to help the cleaning process. Affiliations and Bases of Contribution of the General Treasury of the Social Security; Contracts and Vocational Training Applicants of the Public State Employment Service (SEPE).

    - Use of the Register of Spaniards Resident Abroad (PERE) to obtain the address of respondents resident outside Spain.

    - Cross-checking of the sample with the State Database of Persons with Disabilities (BEPD) to obtain estimates for this group.

• 12Relevance
  • 12.1User needs

    Among the users of the survey, are:

    • Ministry of Universities.
    • Ministry of Education and Vocational Training.
    • Ministry of Employment, Migration and Social Security.
    • Universities.
    • Territorial Administrations.
    • Researchers and the academic world.
    • Press and specialised media.
    • Individuals.
  • 12.2User satisfaction

    The INE has carried out general user satisfaction surveys in 2007, 2010, 2013,  2016 and 2019 and it plans to continue doing so every three years. The purpose of these surveys is to find out what users think about the quality of the information of the INE statistics and the extent to which their needs of information are covered. In addition, additional surveys are carried out in order to acknowledge better other fields such as dissemination of the information, quality of some publications...

    On the INE website, in its section Methods and Projects / Quality and Code of Practice / INE quality management / User surveys are available surveys conducted to date.(Click  next link)

     

    
    

    User satisfaction surveys collect information for groups of statistics that can be seen on the INE website, in the Quality section-->Quality management-->Quality assessment and monitoring systems-->User surveys.

  • 12.3Completeness

    The survey is not regulated by a European directive. Although there is no European harmonization in this statistical field, with this new operation Spain joins other countries that analyse the labour insertion of higher education graduates such as Italy, France, United Kingdom, Sweden or Canada.

    The requirements are determined by the needs of the main users. In this sense, the information required by the National Statistical Plan is collected in a complete manner.

    Ultimately, the survey provides all the required information, so the "rate of available mandatory statistical results" will be R1=100%.

• 13Accuracy and reliability
  • 13.1Overall accuracy

    The sample design tries to minimise sampling errors and the different processes of the survey are aimed at eliminating or reducing, as far as possible, its errors, both in the collection phase (response rate and cleaning control) and in the subsequent editing and imputation phases.

    The estimators used are post-stratified estimators. On the other hand, reweighting techniques have been applied (calibrated) according to sex, degree, university, residence in the PERE, affiliation to the Social Security and nationality, which allows adjusting the results of the deviations presented by the lack of response.

    Finally, the comprehensive and centralised cleaning of the coding of variables such as occupation has allowed to ensure a homogeneous and controlled processing of the subsequent classifications of the sample avoiding biases in the results.

  • 13.2Sampling error

    Sampling errors are calculated from the current employment status at different levels of disaggregation. The results can be found in the tabulation of the survey at the following link:

    https://www.ine.es/dyngs/INEbase/en/operacion.htm?c=Estadistica_C&cid=1254736176991&menu=resultados&idp=1254735573113

    The coefficient of variation of the unemployment rate variable is as follows:

    A1(Bachellor) = 2.39

    A1(Masters) = 4.93

  • 13.3Non-sampling error

    During the entire statistical process, there is a control of non-sampling errors.

    The main source of non-sampling errors is due to the lack of response from respondents. Specifically for the EILU the two main response indicators are:

    Proportion of effective sample (People interviewed / Theoretical sample) = 74.8% for Bachelor's graduates and 73.4% for Master's graduates

    Response rate (People interviewed / People interviewable ) = 97.7% for Bachelor's graduates and 98.2% for Master's graduates

    The non-response rate per unit: A4 (Bachelor) = 24.4%. A4 (Master)= 24.6%

    A full non-response analysis document is provided which can be found at the following link:

    https://www.ine.es/daco/daco42/eilu/evalfr_2014.pdf

     

• 14Timeliness and punctuality
  • 14.1Timeliness

    The reference period for the data is from July to December 2019.

    The publication of the final data takes place 10 months after the end of the reference period. TP2 = 10

  • 14.2Punctuality

    Data dissemination is carried out in accordance with the availability calendar of the structural statistics that the INE prepares and publishes each year.

• 15Coherence and Comparability
  • 15.1Comparability - geographical

    The availability of a methodology, a design and a common process of collection, cleaning, edition and elevation in all its geographical scope, guarantees the comparability of the results between the different Autonomous Communities of the universities in which they were graduated.

  • 15.2Comparability - over time

    This is the second survey of labour insertion of university graduates, the first edition having been carried out in 2014 with university graduates from the 2009-10 academic year.

    This is the first time that the survey collects information on Master's graduates, so there is no data from previous years with which to compare for this group.

  • 15.3Coherence - cross domain

    The use of the National Classification of Education (NCED), the National Classification of Occupations (NCO) and the National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE), allows comparability with other Statistical Operations that use these same classifications.

  • 15.4Coherence - internal

    The coherence between the variables is contrasted from the moment of data capture through the computer application (control of errors and warnings) and is reviewed in the cleaning process in the office. This process has made it possible to provide the variables collected in the questionnaire.

• 16Cost and burden
  • 16.1Cost and burden

    Due to the fact that the survey was aimed at the group of university graduates for the academic year 2013-2014 and in order to reduce costs and optimise data collection, a web-based information collection (CAWI) has been chosen. This method gives the respondent the possibility of completing the survey at the desired time, in addition to significantly reducing the cost of collection.

    Reducing the burden on respondents was one of the objectives set out in the working group in charge of preparing the questionnaire, in which the INE worked closely together. In order to achieve this, administrative records have been used.

    The estimated budget appropriation necessary to finance this statistic foreseen in the 2020 Annual Programme is 653.05 thousand euros.

• 17Data revision
  • 17.1Data revision - policy

    The INE of Spain has a policy which regulates the basic aspects of statistical data revision, seeking to ensure process transparency and product quality. This policy is laid out in the document approved by the INE board of directors on 13 March of 2015, which is available on the INE website, in the section "Methods and projects/Quality and Code of Practice/INE’s Quality management/INE’s Revision policy" (link).

    This general policy sets the criteria that the different type of revisions should follow:  routine revision- it is the case of statistics whose production process includes regular revisions-; more extensive revision- when methodological or basic reference source changes take place-; and exceptional revision- for instance, when an error appears in a published statistic-.

    
    

    Final data are published and are not subject to revision. No preview of the results was published in the EILU-2019.

  • 17.2Data revision - practice

    Published data are final, not subject to revision.

• 18Statistical processing
  • 18.1Source data

    In accordance with the objectives of the survey and the data collection method, the type of sampling that has been used is a simple stratified random sample.

    The framework from which the sample has been selected is formed by the list of graduates in the 2013-2014 academic year. This framework has been provided by the Ministry of Universities, and the variables that appear in it come from the files available in the Integrated University Information System (SIIU).

    The SIIU is an information system coordinated by the General Secretariat of Universities, created by Royal Decree 861/2010 of 2 July, in order to cover the information needs of the Spanish university system as a whole.

    For the analysis of the size of the global sample, it has been used the distribution of the total number of graduates by universities, educational sectors of the national classification of education (CNED-2014) and the Autonomous Community.

    In order to achieve the objectives of the survey, the sample size was fixed at approximately 42,000 Bachelor's graduates and 16,000 Master's graduates.

    In order to obtain the addresses of the graduates selected in the sample, as in all household surveys, the postal address of the Register was used. Bearing in mind that the graduates could be residing abroad, those who were not located in the Register were sought in the Register of Spaniards Resident Abroad (PERE). Finally, for those who were not located in the PERE, a letter was sent to the address that appeared in the University Information Database (SIIU) of the General Secretariat of Universities, although these last addresses were more than four years old.

    In order to reduce the burden on respondents, we have used administrative registers such as the files of Affiliations and Contribution Bases (Social Security) and the State Database of Persons with Disabilities (BEPD).

    In order to help in the cleaning, administrative registers have also been used, such as the files of Contracts and Vocational Training Applicants of the Public State Employment Service (SEPE) and the files of Affiliations and Bases of Contribution (Social Security).

     

  • 18.2Frequency of data collection

    The first time that the survey of labour market insertion of university graduates (EILU) was carried out was in 2014.

    From this edition of the survey, 2019, the frequency of data collection will be four years.

  • 18.3Data collection

    The questionnaire has been elaborated by a working group (in which the INE participated).

    The interviews are carried out using a combined system of CAWI (computer-assisted web interview) and CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview). For the first phase (CAWI), a letter is sent with the necessary passwords to access the questionnaire via Internet. Prior to the CATI interview, the selected person is sent an informative letter with a 900 number in which additional information can be requested or an appointment can be made with the interviewer. During the entire collection period, the possibility of completing this form through CAWI remains open if the person so wishes.

    Data collection has been carried out from July to December 2015.

  • 18.4Data validation

    The monitoring process of the information to guarantee its quality is carried out in two phases:

    1/ During the course of the interview: both the computer-assisted web interview (CAWI) and the computer-assisted telephone interview (CATI) allow the incorporation into the electronic questionnaire of validation rules for errors and inconsistencies that must be cleaned at the very moment of the interview. Likewise, it allows to incorporate warnings about slight inconsistencies to be directly compared with the respondent.

    2/ Office work: Once the data has been received, a cleaning application allows an exhaustive control of the data, analysing errors, serious inconsistencies, slight inconsistencies, extreme values, monitoring of marginal distributions, crossing tables, etc.

    In a complementary way, crosses are programmed or subsets of data are extracted to analyse specific variables.

    The serious errors or invalid values detected in the first weeks of the information collection period through the CAWI channel made it possible to improve the electronic questionnaire of the CATI collection channel.

    Errors that may be due to misinterpretation of questions were transmitted to the interviewers so that they could take this into account during the course of their work.

  • 18.5Data compilation

    Among the processes applied to the initial data up to the obtaining of disseminable aggregated data are:

    1/ Data cleaning. During the cleaning process, it is carried out the detection and cleaning of errors and inconsistencies in the main variables. According to the characteristics of each type of error, automatic imputation procedures are used, in some cases using information provided by administrative records.

    2/ Adjustment of non-response and calibration

    3/ Calculation and revision of the elevation factors.

  • 18.6Adjustment

    No temporal adjustments are made.

• 19Comment
  • 19.1Comment