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The statistical operation “Indicators of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” is carried out by the INE in conjunction with the statistical services of the ministries and the Bank of Spain. Its results can be viewed at: https://www.ine.es/dyngs/ODS/en/index.htm.
By means of Goal 3, the countries undertake to “Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages”. This goal is broken down into 13 targets related to the following: 1) reduce maternal mortality ratio to less than 70 per 100,000 live births; 2) reduce neonatal and under-5 mortality to less than 12 and 25 per 1,000 live births, respectively; 3) end the epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, hepatitis, tropical diseases and others; 4) reduce mortality from non-communicable diseases by one third; 5) strengthen the prevention and treatment of substance abuse; 6) halve road traffic deaths and injuries; 7) ensure access to sexual and reproductive health and family planning; 8) achieve universal health coverage and access to medicines and vaccines; 9) reduce mortality and morbidity caused by pollution and other hazardous toxic factors; 10) strengthen the implementation of the World Health Organization Framework Convention on Tobacco Control; 11) support R&D activities for the development of medicines and vaccines that particularly affect developing countries; 12) increase financing of health systems; and 13) strengthen the capacity for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks.
The global framework contains 28 indicators for the monitoring of goal 3. On the national platform of the 2030 Agenda Indicators, 45 subindicators referring to 23 global indicators have been published and two other indicators are "not relevant" - for one of them the value is close to 0% and for the other to 100%. Therefore, the coverage rate of the SDG 3 indicators stands at 89%.
The Standardised Death rate due to tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis by type of disease (per 100,000 inhabitants) is calculated by dividing the number of people who die due to tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis by the total population. Data on causes of death are derived from death certificates. The data are presented as standardised mortality rates, meaning that they conform to a standard age distribution to measure mortality rates regardless of the different age structures of the populations.
In 2019, the standardised death rate from tuberculosis, HIV and hepatitis per 100,000 inhabitants in Spain was 2.16, compared with 3.68 in 2015. This means that the rate has declined by 41% since 2015.
Meanwhile, the average for the EU-27 stood at 2.10 per 100,000 inhabitants in 2019. The European country with the highest rate was Latvia, with 10.53 for every 100,000 inhabitants, while the lowest rate was recorded in Luxembourg, with 0.42.
Subindicator 3.8.1.1 Unmet need for medical care measures the percentage of people aged 16 or over who report an unmet need for medical care (excluding dental care) for economic reasons, due to the difficulty of accessing health centres or waiting list problems. The data are obtained from the Life Conditions Survey.
In Spain, the unmet need for medical care stood at 1.1% in 2021; while in the EU-27 it was 2.0%. Estonia is the country with the greatest unmet need for health care, with a figure of 8.1%, in contrast with Germany, with 0.1%.
In 2021, Principado de Asturias and Cataluña were the autonomous communities with the greatest unmet need for medical care (1.5%), while Región de Murcia was the one with the least (0.5%).
By sexes, since 2015 higher figures have been recorded for women than for men, except in 2018. In 2021, this indicator stood at 1.2% for women, while for men the figure was 1.0%.
The age group with the highest figures in 2021 was from 25 to 34 years, with a figure of 1.4%, while young people (aged 16 to 24) were the group with the lowest figures. In 2021, the value for EU foreign nationals was almost double that of Spaniards (2% compared with 1.1%).
Subindicator 3.4.1.4 Mortality rate attributed to cancer measures the deaths attributed to cancer per 100,000 inhabitants. Its source is the Statistic of deaths by cause of death, which follows the criteria established by the WHO in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) which lists more than 12,000 diseases.
In Spain, in the year 2021, the mortality rate stood at 231.09 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. In 2015, there were 230.97 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. This means an increase of 0.05%.
Meanwhile, in 2021, 282.68 men died of cancer (per 100,000 inhabitants) compared with 181.52 women.
By autonomous communities, in 2021, Principado de Asturias recorded the highest figure with 340.28 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, while Illes Ballears had the lowest figure: 186.00 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants.
For the monitoring of target 3.c. Substantially increase health financing and the recruitment, development, training and retention of the health workforce, the subindicators Number of doctors/dentists/pharmacists/nursing and midwifery professionals per 10,000 inhabitants are used, whose source is the Labour Force Survey and the Affiliated Health Professionals Statistics.
Whereas in 2015, there were 38.5 doctors per 10,000 inhabitants, in 2020 there were 45.8. This means an increase of 20% in the period 2015-2020.
The number of pharmacists in 2015 was 11.9 (per 10,000 inhabitants), compared with 13.2 in 2020. This means an increase of 11% in the period 2015-2020.
The number of dentists per 10,000 inhabitants also increased during the period 2015-2020, rising from 7.5 to 8.4. This represents a growth of 12%.
The number of nursing and midwifery professionals grew by 15% in the period 2015-2020. It increased from 52.9 per 10,000 inhabitants in 2015 to 61.0 in 2020.
Progress in Spain on the SDG 3 subindicators is presented, distinguishing between short-term progress (latest year available compared to the previous year) and medium-term progress (since 2015, i.e. the baseline year). In both cases the compound annual growth rate has been used.
For indicators with positive normative direction (increases are desirable) we have: growth rates greater than or equal to 0.5% are considered progress (), rates in the range [0% - 0.5%) slight progress (), rates in the range [-0.5% - 0) slight decline () and for rates less than -0.5%, a decline (). For indicators that do not evolve, is used.
For indicators with a negative normative direction, the categories are reversed.
Of the 45 available subindicators, in the medium term (since the base year or 2015), 22 show favourable progress, 10 of them show slight progress and 12 cannot be calculated.
Subindicator | Unit | Last year | Last year’s value | Medium-term progress | Short term progress | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3.1.1.1. Maternal mortality rate | Mothers who died per 100,000 live births | 2021 | 3.26 | -1.5% | 11.3% | ||
3.1.2.1. Proportion of births attended by skilled health personnel | Percentage | 2020 | 99.92 | 0.0% | 0.0% | ||
3.2.1.1. Under-5 mortality rate | Deaths per one thousand live births | 2021 | 3.06 | -0.5% | -2.2% | ||
3.2.2.1. Neonatal mortality rate | Deaths per one thousand live births | 2021 | 1.76 | -0.6% | 0.0% | ||
3.3.1.1. Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected inhabitants | Per 1,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.06 | n.d. | -14.3% | ||
3.3.1.2. Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected inhabitants, men | Per 1,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.10 | n.d. | -16.7% | ||
3.3.1.3. Number of new HIV infections per 1,000 uninfected inhabitants, women | Per 1,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.02 | n.d. | 0.0% | ||
3.3.2.1. Tuberculosis incidence per 100,000 population | Per 100,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 9.24 | -8.2% | -2.7% | ||
3.3.2.2. Tuberculosis incidence per 100,000 population, males | Per 100,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 11.69 | -7.8% | -0.9% | ||
3.3.2.3. Tuberculosis incidence per 100,000 population, females | Per 100,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 6.88 | -8.8% | -0.3% | ||
3.3.3.1. Malaria incidence per 1,000 population | Per 1,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.004 | n.d. | n.d. | ||
3.3.3.2. Malaria incidence per 1,000 population, males | Per 1,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.009 | n.d. | n.d. | ||
3.3.3.3. Malaria incidence per 100,000 population, females | Per 1,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.00 | n.d. | n.d. | ||
3.3.4.1. Hepatitis B incidence per 100,000 population | Per 100,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.62 | n.d. | -4.6% | ||
3.3.4.2. Hepatitis B incidence per 100,000 population, males | Per 100,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.93 | n.d. | -4.1% | ||
3.3.4.3. Hepatitis B incidence per 100,000 population, females | Per 100,000 inhabitants | 2019 | 0.32 | n.d. | -5.9% | ||
3.4.1.1. Mortality rate attributed to cardiovascular diseases | Per 100,000 | 2021 | 251.8 | -1.0% | -0.5% | ||
3.4.1.2. Mortality rate attributed to chronic respiratory diseases | Per 100,000 | 2021 | 58.9 | -6.0% | -10.3% | ||
3.4.1.3. Mortality rate attributed to diabetes | Per 100,000 | 2021 | 22.7 | 0.6% | -4.8% | ||
3.4.1.4. Mortality rate attributed to cancer | Per 100,000 | 2021 | 231.1 | 0.01% | 0.8% | ||
3.4.2.1. Mortality rate due to suicide | Per 100,000 | 2021 | 8.46 | 1.4% | 1.6% | ||
3.5.1.1. Drug abuse treatment admissions | Persons admitted to treatment | 2020 | 38,520 | -4.0% | -23.0% | ||
3.5.1.2. Alcohol abuse and addiction treatment admissions | Persons admitted to treatment | 2020 | 20,003 | -6.1% | -26.5% | ||
3.5.2.1. Alcohol per capita consumption (aged 15 years and older) within a calendar year in litres of pure alcohol | Litres of pure alcohol consumed per capita | 2019 | 12.7 | 2.7% | 0.0% | ||
3.6.1.1. Mortality rate from injuries due to traffic accidents | Per 100,000 | 2021 | 3.38 | -3.0% | 9.4% | ||
3.7.1.1. Proportion of women of reproductive age (aged 15-49 years) married to a man or to a male partner, who have their need for family planning satisfied with modern methods | Percentage | 2018 | 75.10 | n.d. | n.d. | ||
3.7.2.1. Fertility rate of adolescents (aged between 10 and 14 years) per 1,000 women of this age group | Births per 1,000 women | 2021 | 0.05 | -9.3% | 0.0% | ||
3.7.2.2. Fertility rate of adolescents (aged between 15 and 19 years) per 1,000 women of this age group | Births per 1,000 women | 2021 | 4.60 | -8.3% | -13.7% | ||
3.8.1.1. Unmet need for medical care | Percentage | 2021 | 1.10 | 10.6% | 175.0% | ||
3.8.2.1. Proportion of the population with major health expenses per household (>10%) as a percentage of the total household expenses | Percentage | 2020 | 8.54 | 4.0% | 8.5% | ||
3.8.2.2. Proportion of the population with major health expenses per household (>25%) as a percentage of the total household expenses (%) | Percentage | 2020 | 1.13 | -6.1% | 0.0% | ||
3.9.3.1. Mortality rate attributed to involuntary poisonings | Per 100,000 | 2020 | 1.16 | -4.3% | 0.0% | ||
3.a.1.1. Percentage of daily smokers. Population aged 15 and over | Percentage | 2017 | 22.08 | -1.3% | n.d. | ||
3.b.1.1. Proportion of the population vaccinated against diphtheria | Percentage | 2020 | 94.4 | -0.02% | -0.3% | ||
3.b.1.2. Proportion of the population vaccinated against tetanus | Percentage | 2020 | 94.4 | -0.02% | -0.3% | ||
3.b.1.3. Proportion of the population vaccinated against pneumococcal diseases | Percentage | 2020 | 93.7 | 1.9% | -0.7% | ||
3.b.1.4. Proportion of the population vaccinated against diphtheria | Percentage | 2020 | 93.9 | -0.1% | -0.4% | ||
3.b.1.5. Proportion of the population vaccinated against the human papillomavirus | Percentage | 2020 | 81.8 | 0.7% | 3.5% | ||
3.b.2.1. Total gross official development assistance to medical research and basic health sectors | Millions of Euros | 2020 | 21.1 | 6.4% | 9.7% | ||
3.b.2.2. Total net official development assistance to medical research and basic health sectors | Millions of Euros | 2020 | 21.1 | 8.0% | 9.7% | ||
3.c.1.1. Number of medical doctors per 10.000 population | People | 2020 | 45.8 | 3.5% | 3.9% | ||
3.c.1.2. Number of dentists per 10.000 population | People | 2020 | 8.4 | 2.3% | 2.4% | ||
3.c.1.3. Number of pharmacists per 10.000 population | People | 2020 | 13.2 | 2.1% | 7.3% | ||
3.c.1.4. Number of nursing and midwifery personnel per 10.000 population | People | 2020 | 61 | 2.9% | 3.6% | ||
3.d.1.1. International Health Regulations (IHR) capacity and health emergency preparedness (Average of 15 core capacity scores) | Percentage | 2021 | 80 | -1.9% | -9.1% |
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