Press Release: Environmental accounts. Physical energy flow accounts. Year 2022.

Main results

The energy intensity of the Spanish economy decreased by 4.5% in 2022.
Household energy consumption increased by 0.1% in per capita terms.

More information

Energy intensity - or net inland energy use per unit of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - reached 3.9 Terajoules (TJ) per million euros in 2022, a decrease of 4.5% compared to the previous year.

Domestic energy consumption - which measures energy consumption used directly by the economy - increased by 6.3% to 5,037.3 thousands of TJ.

Meanwhile, household energy consumption increased by 0.1% in per capita terms to 27.7 TJ for every 1,000 inhabitants.

Main indicators

Annual variation rates

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Domestic energy use by industry and households

Net domestic energy use - or the amount of energy consumed per business entity which is no longer available for later use - reached 5,014.9 thousand TJ in 2022. Of this, 3,679.6 thousand TJ corresponded to the branches of activity and 1,321.7 thousand to Households.

The most energy-intensive industries were Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply, with 89.3 TJ per million euros, and Transport and storage services, with 9.9 TJ per million euros.

Energy Intensity by activity sector. 2022

Thousands of terajoules and terajoules per million euros

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The energy consumption of Households was 27.7 TJ per 1,000 inhabitants, 0.1% more than in the previous year. By type of consumption, 54.7% was consumed by Transport, 32.4% by Heating/Cooling and 12.9% by Other (lighting, household appliances, etc.).

Household energy consumption. 2022

Thousands of terajoules and terajoules per 1,000 inhabitants

Household energy consumption evolution, by energy type

Terajoules per 1,000 inhabitants

Domestic energy consumption components

Domestic energy consumption reached 5,037.3 thousand TJ in 2022, an increase of 6.3% compared to the previous year. The main component was imports, which reached 5,454.5 thousand TJ, 9.6% more than in 2021.

Domestic energy consumption. 2022

Thousands of terajoules

In terms of source, renewable natural resources reached 787.2 thousand TJ. Biomass was the main source of these resources, with 34.4% of the total, followed by Wind, with 28.7%.

The renewable natural resources that have grown the most since 2015 were Others (heat pumps, geothermal), Solar and Wind Energy.

Renewable national natural resources. 2022

Thousands of terajoules

Components of the physical trade balance of energy products

The physical trade balance of energy products (or the difference between imports and exports) was of 3,615.8 thousand TJ in 2022.

By component, the imports with the greatest importance were Extractive industry products (80.9% of the total) and Coke and refined petroleum products (17.3%). In exports, the main product was Coke and refined petroleum products, which accounted for 75.6% of the total.

The energy products that generated the largest positive trade balance were Extractive industry products (4,159.2 thousand TJ).

Components of the physical trade balance of energy products. 2022

Thousands of terajoules

Data revisions and updates

The data published today is provisional and will be revised when next year's data is released. All results of this operation are available on INEbase.

Methodological note

The objective of the Environmental Accounts (EA) is to consistently integrate environmental information into the central system of National Accounts. They include a set of satellite accounts, which are transmitted annually, compiled using the accounting formats applicable to the different sectoral and territorial areas, with a major presence of physical data. They display the interactions among the economy, households and environmental factors.

The Physical Energy Flow Accounts record flows of energy from the environment to the economic system of a country, within the economic system of a country, and from the economic system to the environment. It also calculates the flows of energy products with the rest of the world (imports and exports).

The Physical Energy Flows Account is constructed from a set of aggregated indicators on the origin and destination of the natural energy resources derived from a wide variety of statistical operations, which in turn are subject to their own availability and revision schedule. This means that the estimates of the aggregates are subject to a revision process for the whole series of results to ensure that the estimation methods are kept up to date.

For more information, you can access the methodology and the standardised methodological report.

INE statistics are produced in accordance with the Code of Good Practice for European Statistics. More information on Quality at INE and the Code of Best Practices.